Breeding And Identification Of Wheat-Elytrigia Intermedium Alien Disomic Addition Lines

Elytrigia intermedium carries a large number of valuable genes for wheat improvement. It is an important way of using these beneficial genes by creating alien addition lines. In this study, 10 alien disomic addition lines obtained from common wheat v-Elytrigia intermedium were identified with morphological markers, cytological markers, biochemical markers and RAPD markers. Wheat-Elytrigia intermedium alien addition lines were isolated from five different cross generations from common wheat Yannongl5 x Xiaoyan257 on the basis of cytogenetic analysis. The results are as follows:1. 10 alien disomic additon lines were stable in heredity. The number of chromosomes of root tip cells was 44, and the chromosome configuration at PMC M I was 2n=22llin these alien disomic addition lines. Main morphological characteristics were different between 10 alien disomic addition lines and their parents. Among them, linel and line 15 could resist powdery mildew effectively, and the resistance came from additive chromosomes of Elytrigia intermedium.2. Synthetic analysis by using morphological characteristics, biochemical identification and half diallel cross indicated that Iine5, Iine6, linelO and Iinel4 might contain Elytrigia intermedium chromosomes of homoeologous group 1; The added alien chromosomes of Linel2 and Iinel3 might belong to homoeologous group 2; Linel and line 15 might be different in additive chromosomes which might belong to homoeologous group 7; Other chromosome aberration might also occur in Line4 and linel 1, and this needs further study.3. 200 random primers were used for RAPD amplification, the specific bands of Elytrigia intermedium parent could be observed in the electrophoretogram of 10 alien disomic addition lines by 7 of them (S20, S21, S29, S57, S121, SI52 and SI88), and RAPD markers for alien addition chromosomes were set up.4. The chromosome configurations of 5 different generations from Yannongl5 X Xiaoyan257 were analyzed. The results showed that the range of chromosome numbers in BCiF| and BCiFi* was 40-46, and the frequencies of univalents were high. More than 90% individual plants of BC1F2 and BC1F2' carried 41-44 chromosomes, which more tended to common wheat than BC1F1 and BC1F1. Moreover, the frequencies ofunivalents, multivalents and RCC declined significantly in them, whose bivalents added at the same time. The mean chromosome configurations of individual plants when backcross parent was Xiaoyan257 were more complex in the number of univalents, bivalents, average chromosomes and RCC than when backcross parent was YannonglS. F2 had more complex chromosome configurations with wide rage of chromosomes (40-52) and higher number of univalents and RCC than BC1F1 (BC1F1*).5. Based on cytogenetic analysis, 16 individual plants with different number of alien chromosomes were obtained from different cross generations (BC1F1, BC1F1 , BC1F2, BC1F2* and F2). Among them, the number of plants with chromosome configurations of 2n=21II+ I and 2n=21II+ I + I was 4 respectively, and the number of other monosomic addition types was 6. At the same time, 2 plants with chromosome configuration of 2n=22 II were obtained in BCi12. The frequencies of different alien addition plants were different in the several cross generations, and BQF2 was more efficient for the selecting of alien disomic addition lines.