Ecological Effect Of Different Latitudes On Quality Characters Of Three Kinds Of Gluten Wheat In Henan Province

The quality characters of three kinds of gluten wheat (six cultivars) had been studied systematically under field conditions during the periods of 2000-2002 in five latitude points in Henan province.The main results were as follows:1 .. Only 2002 year's differences of protein contents among six cultivars were more significant during the periods of 2000~2002,and the difference among locations were most, and the difference of locations of two year's experiment was larger than the cultivars which showed that environment had more effect than cultivars. In two year's experiments, the characters of water absorption development tin^ stability time, degree of softening, evaluation value, extensibility, maximum resistance and area among cultivars were most significant difference, which showed that these characters were stability. In comparison of two year's experiment results, except the extensibility, the 2002 year's F values of protein contend maximum resistance > area and five farinogram characters among different cultivars were larger than the 2001 year's and the results indicated that the 2002 year's environment factors had great effect on these quality characters. Except the breakdown, the differences among cultivars to other paste properties were more significant which showed that different gluten wheat cultivars had great difference in these properties, but the differences among different locations were most which showed that the environment factors had the most effect on the paste properties. The different quality characters of three kinds of gluten cultivars showed different variation. The characters of protein contents, flour rate, main farinogram characters, maximum resistance and area between strong gluten cultivars(Yumai 34 and Gaomai8901) and weak gluten cultivars(Luoyang8716 and Yumai50) had significant difference, and the characters of the middle gluten cultivars(Yumai49 and Yumai 70) lied in the middle of the strong and the weak cultivars,and the results showed that the difference of the characters of three kinds of gluten wheat were stability.Main quality characters of the wheat cultivars showed different variation in different latitudes. With the latitude raising, protein contend, development tin, evaluation value,maximum resistance, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown and final viscosity showed an upward tendency, but the water absorption downward tendency and the variation of stability time, degree of softening area and paste time were irregular.2, The interaction of genotype and environment had great effect on different quality characters of wheat. The result of AMMI biplot indicated that the variations of protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation value, peak viscosity, breakdown among different locations were lager than that among different cultivars,and the variations of development time, evaluation value, valometer, stability time, and extensibility, area among different cultivars were larger than among different locations. The interactions of protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation value, were larger in Wuzhi point, and smaller in Zhumadian point; and the interactions of development time, evaluation value, valormeter, stability time, extensibility, area, were smaller in Wuzhi points,and larger in Zhumadian, but the interaction of peak viscosity and breakdown were larger in Xinyang point. The quality characters of different kind of gluten cultivars had its special adaptive point.3, The effect of atmosphere factors had different degree on different quality characters, and in different year and different locations the effect of main atmosphere on quality characters were different. The effects of amount of temperature, duration sunshine, and amount of precipitation on protein content in different years were different. The relationship between protein content and amount of temperature \duration of sunshine in 2000-2001 were positive, and negative between protein content and amount of precipitation; but the relationship between protein content and amo...