| Pot, field and solution culture experiments were conducted with K326 from 2001 to 2003 to study the effects of rotted or fresh sesame cake fertilizer and different nitrogen forms blending on growth and development and physiological characters for flue-cured tobacco roots in Henan Agricultural University and Key Discipline and Open Laboratory of Agricultural Biological and Engineering Technique. The results were as follows:1. The results of pot experiment showed that rotted sesame cake fertilizer was good to promote the activity of root, contributed to root expand deeply into soil at vigorous growth stage and after topping, and was good to the harmony of chemical composition in flue-cured tobacco root. With the amount of applying rotted sesame cake fertilizer increasing, the effect on enhancing the activity of root at later stage was stronger. T4 was the most prominent to increase biomass of root and soluble sugar in root, and T6 is basically the better as for ratio of root and top. The results of agronomic characters indicated that T4 was better than other treatments as for the growth condition of aerial part, Te was in the next place. Concludingly, T4 was optimum.2. The experimental results about hormone level suggested that the content of IAA, ABA, IAA/ABA and ZR/ABA of root for the treatments that blending extracts of rotted sesame cake fertilizer were higher than the treatments that not applying extracts of rotted sesame cake fertilizer, which denoted that extracts of rotted sesame cake fertilizer were able to stimulate synthesis and accumulation of hormone that promote tobacco plant growth. Also, the IAA content of T5 and T5 were the maximum, the ABA content of TI and TI' were the maximum, the ZR content of T3 and T3 were the maximum. Among all the treatments, the IAA/ABA content of fully applying NR4+(T5, T5') were the maximum, fully applying NO3- (T1, T1,') were in the next place, and the value of ZR/ABA was T3, T3>T2, T2>T4, T4>T1,T1>T5, T5.3. xperimental results about the activity of glutamate synthetase (GS) and putrescine N-methyltransferase (PMT) in root by solution culture experiments showed that except for T3, the activity of GS of treatments that not blending with extracts of rotted sesame cake fertilizer was higher than treatments that blending with extracts of rotted sesame cake fertilizer. The treatment that fully applying NH4+ (T5) was the highest level and T1 was the lowest level as for the activity of GS. As regards to activity of PMT, T5 was the highest level and T2 was in the second place, and T1 was the lowest level. After applyingextracts, except for T5' other treatments stimulate the activity of PMT greatly. Combing activity of GS and PMT with hormone data, the effect of different forms of nitrogen and extracts on enzyme activity was maybe by inducing change of hormone level and equilibrium in tobacco plant at first, and then regulated the expressing of metabolic enzyme gene and realized the change of enzyme activity.4. The experimental results about intensity of xylem sap and content of 17 amino acids (AA) denoted that as for the total amount of AA, total amount of 5 AA relevant with synthesis of Amadori composition, T7 was the maximum at 75d after transplanting. And as for total amount of AA relevant with synthesis of nicotine, T3 was the maximum and T7 was in the next place. At 95d after transplanting, as for the total amount of AA, T6 was the maximum, T; was in the next place. As for total amount of 5 AA relevant with synthesis of Amadori composition and total amount of AA relevant with synthesis of nicotine, T2 was the maximum and T7 was in the secondary place. Comparing transplanting 95d with 75d, it can be seen that xylem sap intensity increased, whereas the total amount of AA decreased, we also known that except that AA content of Te increased to different extent, the content of AA of the rest declined, the decreased amplitude for content of arginine and histine was bigger than the others. But the content of glutamic acid was increased greatly, total amount of AA... |
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