| In this thesis, the different inoculating methods, including leaves in vitro and in vivo and whole plants being inoculated were studied, and the resistance to blast of rice in cultivars was identified by these methods.After mediums and light conditions were studied, the results showed that the most suitable medium for producing spores of rice blast was the maize-powder based medium adding the straw extract, and the best light condition was illuminated by black light. Resistance to the blast of leaves in vitro and seedlings during seedling stage was tested. It was found that in the leaf in vitro test, the keeping green detergent was Benzimidazole (100-200ppm), the fittest inoculate concentration was 20-30× 104 spores/ml . and the best inoculating time was seedlings with 4-5 leaves, The result that different cultivars were identified by the leaf in vitro test was almost the same as it that the leaf in vitro test was almost the same as it that these cultivars were test by the regular methods of seedling identification. Moreover, the leaf in vitro test should save time, space and amount of work, and also with the merit of testing a large number, Hence, this method could be adapted in identification of cultivars resistance to rice blast.In researches on identification techniques of cultivars' ear blast, the effectively keeping fresh detergent of ears in vitro was selected. The most suitable ear-age for inoculation was conformed. Through many tests of inoculating methods in ears in vitro and in vivo, the data of the ears in vitro inoculated by spring and smear were almost accord to the traditional test of ears in vivo inoculated by spring and smear. The accordance rate was above 90%.The researches pat forward a proposal of identification in disease plot field combining with disease plants in vivo. This proposal counteracted the weakness of the traditionalidentification method, and kept with in larger number, correct and simple merits. Using this proposal, 800 cultivars or lines of Heilongjiang had identified. The materials with resistance to rice blast were selected and should benefit rice breeders. |
