| The effects of S-3307 (Uniconazole) applied to seeds with different concentrations (0,10,20,40mg/kg) and densities (90,180,270 X 10~4/hm~2) on tiller-earing and wheat quality of wheat c.v. (Mianyang 26) were studied in the paper. The results shows as followings:1. S-3307 Treatments promoted tiller generation in lower position, especially the first, second tiller in the early tillering stage (within 50 days after emergence), the higher the concentrations, the time to the fast speed earlier. In the late stage (behinde 50 days after emergence), tiller appearance speed for S-3307 Treatments was slower than that of control and the highest concentrations (B3) was 10 days earlier than other Treatmentss (B2, Bl, BO). As the result, the percentage of tiller emergence and tiller-earing was increased by S-3307 Treatments, among them 20mg/kg was the best. The plant population per unit after booting stage for S-3307 Treatments was significantly higher than that of control, so the ear capacity was increased.2. S-3307 Treatments decreased IAA content in tillering node, while it largly improve ZT content, which were benifited for tiller appearance. S-3307 Treatments reduced the GAa content in the early stage while rose the GAa content in later stage. The content of ABA for S-3307 Treatments was significantly lower than that of control. Moreover, IAA/ZT ratio decreased and the lowest was in top tillering stage. Which was sustainabilitly increase from late tillering stage to booting stage, so S-3307 Treatments have advatage to tiller appearance earlier and more. IAA/ABA, ZT/ABA, GAs/ABA ratio were more than that of control.3. S-3307 Treatments significantly enhanced the nitrogen metabolism and carbohydrate in tiller node. The ratio of sugar and nitrogen increased in the early tillering stage while decreased in the joiting stage to booting stage. And the effects of S-3307 on nitrogen metabolism was higher than carbohydrate metabolism. With the concentrations rose, the nitrogen metabolism vigoroused, the contents of nitrogen accumulate in ear, stem and leaf were more than that of control, and the effect on main stem was bigger than on tiller.4. S-3307 Treatments significantly increase the canopy leaf area and flag leaf net photosynthetic rate, so enhanced wheat growth. Moreover, S-3307 Treatments ensuredhigh density have high net photosynthetic rate.5. S-3307 Treatments significantly increase the wheat yield, and 20mg/kg was the best, the main reason was the percentage of tiller-earing and populaton ear capacity were largly enhanced by S-3307 Treatments. Which remedy the ear grain number and grain weight declining vs ear number increase at some density, the grain weight rised also.6. The protein was significantly higher for S-3307 Treatments than that of control, and with the concentrations enhanced, the effect rose. The albumins and globulins were significantly increased, about which B3 was the best. With S-3307 concentrations increase, the contents of glutenins and gliadins increased .7. S-3307 Treatments had different effects on farinogram index, which improved the processing quality. Among them the main effects of S-3307 were increased the ZSV(Zeleny sedimentation volume),WGC(wet gluten content), DDT(dough development time), DST(dough stable time), DBT(dough breakdown time),decreased the MTI(mixing tolerance index), DS(degree of softening),so made the V.V.(Valorimenter value) higher.Therefore, it was suggested that S-3307 Treatments had significantly effects on assorting with yield and quality, it not only could promote yield, but also improve quality effectively. The action of S-3307 on increasing tiller-earing percentage was correlated with the tiller node endogenous hormones and carbon and nitrogen metabolis. And enhanced canopy leaf area, flag leaf net photosynthetic rate and plant nitrogen distribution among each orger, with the result the yield was increased and the grain quality was improved. |
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