Effects Of Potato Metabolism On Stalk Formation And Tuber Formation

Selection of early, middle and late-maturing potato variety Favorita, Ke Xin No.13, Yan Shu NO.4 as material test to measure the sampling and chemical analysis laboratory method of combining, a field of conventional modes of production of glucose metabolism study internal law of plant matter,through potato varieties with different maturity emergence 5~30d namely stolons happen to enlargement tuber formation beginning period,physiological and biochemical indicators of various parts of the shape and material accumulation indicators, various sugars and other substances and related enzyme activity was measured to study sugar substances affecting the metabolism and mechanism of occurrence of potato stolons tuber formation, to increase potato yields provide a theoretical basis and technical support. The main results are as follows:1.Stolons and tuber formation of potatoes form occurs indicators and material accumulation due to changes in the magnitude and variety of different size are present during the peak significantly different, but the variation showed a consistent upward trend. Wherein the number of leaves, stolons number of post-emergence 5~10d, 25~30d larger increase; leaf area, plant height, stem heavy ground, stolons weight, root volume at 15~20d after emergence, the largest increase; leaf blade dry weight of 10~15d,25~30d larger increase; Ke Xin No. 13 and Yan Shu NO.4 was significantly higher than Favorita; Yan Shu NO.4 underground stem dry weight and dry weight was significantly higher than two other varieties; postemergence 30 d stolons tuber formation of the critical period, tuber rate of 41.38%~54.29%, early-maturing varieties of tuber was significantly higher than in late-maturing varieties.2.Differences in leaf petiole trends process sugars and related enzymes in different potato varieties stolons occur. Wherein sucrose, glucose, SPS activity, nitrate reductase activity showed an "N", invertase, fructose, soluble sugar, SS activity was reduced-increased-decreased sugar was reduced-rise variation.Leaves, petioles and carbohydrate value and the changes in the amplitude of enzymes due to significant differences in the presence of different varieties, leaf postemergence 15 d highest sucrose content; early-maturing varieties Favorita blade fructose, creeping sugar content and soluble sugar content petiole(emergence after 5d) was significantly higher than in late-maturing varieties;Yan Shu NO.4 was significantly higher than other varieties; postemergence 5~10d Favorita blade starch was significantly higher than other varieties, the later Ke Xin No. 13 most significant increase; seedlings of SPS, SS the most dramatic change, peak values of both enzymes at different times alternately; Ke Xin No. 13 and Yan Shu NO.4 converting enzyme petiole each period were significantly higher than Favorita.3.Sucrose stolons tuber formation process, soluble sugar, SS activity showed up-down-rise, fructose, glucose, sucrose invertase activity was reduced-up-down-rise, reducing sugar, SPS activity on the rise-down-up-declining trend; leaf and petiole starch content was similar trends, stolons starch content changes more intense. Wherein stolons SS 5~15d after the emergence of rapid change; 4 potato stolons extension sucrose content of each period(25d lower than other varieties except outside) was significantly higher than other varieties; Favorita fructose, soluble sugars(except postemergence 25d), starch content was significantly lower than other varieties; Ke Xin No. 13 of new stolons soluble sugar and starch content is always higher than other varieties; Favorita root invertase activity is always higher than Yan Shu NO.4.4.Stolons occur and tubers are formed in different parts of other physiological characteristics change in different process trend, but the chlorophyll content, root activity showed a more consistent changes of chlorophyll showed a gradual upward trend, root activity was "∽" type; leaves, petioles, stolons nitrate nitrogen rise after the first drop features, just opposite the root nitrate; nitrate reductase activity leaves, petioles and roots was "N" type, stolons was "W" type.In summary, the increase in leaf area and leaf carbohydrate accumulation can promote the occurrence of stolons, stolons occur during leaf SPS play a leading role in the synthesis of sucrose invertase from the transformed decomposition; in stolons SS and SPS two while sucrose synthetase enzymes play an important role in the synthesis of sugars and starch accumulation is an important indicator of the occurrence and tuber formation.