Study On Designing For Egress Evacuation And Life Safety During Subway Fire

In recent years, people in big cities has been used to board the subway. And the fire disasters is a hidden dangerous in the subway, which is more serious than it happened on the railroad platform. The main causation is the imperfect and unreasonable safe-evacuation facilities for passengers in the subway tunnel. The subway may suddenly stop running when the fire happened. As a reference document to the subway engineers and the publish group of the"Subway Design Code", the article's main argumentation is on the point of evacuating passengers safely when the fire accidents occurred, to design an efficient and safe evacuating installations.Great damages will be caused when the fire happened in the subway, if the validity measurements are not adopted in time, though the fire disaster is not in the range of heavy accidents. However, the evacuating facilities are not paid more attention from the points of standard and specific designs. In this paper, as an example of Tianjin Subway, In accordance with relevant data and circumstances of the establishment of model. Through three-dimensional field simulation software FDS on the subway tunnel fire temperature, CO concentration and visibility to simulate changes in the use of staff time necessary for the safe evacuation (Required Safety Egress Time, tRSET) and the fire safety evacuation time available (Available Safety Egress Time, tASET) the relationship. The design of subway tunnel crossing the width of contact or through the smoke outdoor staircase width. It is getting a conclusion: 6-group subway for example, if designing service channels only, the distances between service channels should be 600mm minimum and the width should be 9.9m maximum; If that distances should be 300mm minimum and the width should be 5.5m maximum; If establishing smock-preventing rooms which get through outer space, the space is better to be 300m maximum, and every 300m even between two smoking-prevention rooms, the net width between the service channel and the smoking-prevention room should be 2.4m minimum. The study can supply some technology references more or less for the subway designing and administration departments.