| As the characteristics of our multi-mountain terrain, there is a large number of railway tunnels on our railway network. With the development of railway construction projects, the number of the tunnel that length is more than3km, is nearly200. This series long-large railway tunnel brought a lot of security issues. Because the length of the long-large tunnel is too long, it is difficult for the train to get away from the tunnel in a safe time. Thus, how to ensure the safety of the tunnel is a very important issue.By taking the project on "High-altitude super-long railway tunnel safety and disaster prevention and rescue operations research" from the Ministry of Railways (KCD09002531), and studying based on Guanjiao tunnel which is on the Qinghai-Tibet railway line, this thesis had carried out some researches as the follow:(1) To study the impact of high-altitude on combustion characteristics of fire, it took fire burning tests at the high-altitude zone and the mainland. The burning time and heat release rate of different size oil pan fire at at the high-altitude zone were measured.(2) By taking large-size model tests in the slope and small-size model tests in the drainage tunnel of the high-altitude super-long railway tunnel—Guanjiao Tunnel (32.645km) to research burning characteristics of high-altitude tunnel fire. Tests got the distribute of the temperature and smoke under different fire scale conditions inside the tunnel, through the analysis of test results it obtained fire burning characteristics in the high-altitude tunnel, and gave some recommendations to the fire disaster-relief design of the high-altitude tunnel combined with the analysis of test results.(3) Established the mathematical model of the tunnel fire, and the feasibility of the model was verified by comparing the results of full-scale model tests. Set the weather station near the port of the tunnel, in order to measure the meteorological data (included wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity).Combined with the actual situation, and established3D full-scale model based on Guanjiao tunnel to simulate the tunnel fire under different scenes. It disscused combustion characteristics and the smoke distribute in case of fire in the high-altitude super-long railway tunnel systematically, and according to the result, it got the available safety evacuation time (ASET) in the high-altitude railway tunnel.(4) Referenced to related subjects at home and abroad, from the viewpoint of personnel safe evacuation, combined with the actual situation of Guanjiao tunnel, the model of personnel evacuation was established for the numerical simulation. According to the required safe evacuation time (RSET) under different fire scene, setting parameters of the emergency station of Guanjiao tunnel were determined such as:the length and form of the emergency station, the number and interval of cross passages.(5) In the case of the train cannot leave tunnel and can not reach the emergency station but only can stop at any position in the tunnel after the fire, the evacuation is random. It took numerical simulations to compute the safety evacuation time with different cross passage spacing under different fire scenes, and obtained the setting parameters of the cross passage spacing in the high-altitude super-long railway tunnel, cross passage spacing of Guanjiao tunnel was determined to be420m.(6) It proposed the disaster prevention and rescue scheme for Guanjiao Tunnel after the fire, included accident classification, principle of the disaster prevention and rescue, disaster prevention region division, disaster prevention and rescue and ventilation plans under different accident conditions. Summaized research results, it gave a general principle of the disaster prevention and rescue in the high-altitude super-long railway tunnel, and it also provided the basis for optimizing the design and the construction as well as the perfection of fire emergency rescue and safe evacuation plan in super-long railway tunnels...
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