The Evolution Of Urban Green Open Space In Harbin Metropolis

With the development of the urbanization, the size and the population of the city is becoming larger and larger. As a result, the ecological environment is under more and more serious impact and destruction. Against this major background, the planning and design of the green urban open space naturally bulks large, for the green urban open space not only improves urban environment but also provides urban residents with space for outdoor activities. However, in many cities of China, the present situation of green open space is worrying. The main problems include the over occupation of land for building purpose, the reduction of the area and number of green open space, unreasonable unban layout, the destruction of the ecosystem of the green open space and the impact on the green open space's ecological value, etc.The main content of this study is the evolution of the green open space in Harbin since the start of the reform and opening-up era, and on this basis, the author also offers some solutions to the problems. Relying upon the three overall urban plans of Harbin from 1980 to 2004, and taking urban modality and landscape ecology as the theoretical basis, this paper explores the evolution of the green open space in Harbin and discusses the characteristics and laws of this evolution from the aspects of number, form, type, area and distribution. On the types of the green open space, this paper chooses waterfront green corridor, park, square, and seed ranch, and by means of analyzing those types, the paper aims to reflect the evolution of green open space of Harbin.Finally, in view of the evolution process, current situation and problems, the author puts forward some suggestions on the future restructuring and development of the green open space of Harbin. The author holds that for Harbin, the first imperative is to control the encroachment on the green open space and to increase the number and area of green open space, especially the space in the downtown area. On this basis, the layout of the exiting and in planning green open space should also be adjusted, so that an appropriate number of green open space can be reasonably distributed in all regions of the city. In addition, we should also pay attention to the protection of the biological diversity of the green open space, so that it can give full play to the eco-efficiency. At last, in view of the general plans and environmental protection, the author believes that human beings, namely, urban planning workers and the general public are the fundamental factor of the optimization of green open space. Only by improving the scientific standards and the foresightedness in the planning process and by increasing the urban residents' awareness of protection can we realize the most effective implementation of the planning. Then we can achieve the ultimate solution to the problems of the green open space in Harbin, optimize the layout and structure of green open space, and create a reasonable and people-oriented green open space system..