| Timber is used as a kind of sustainable construction material. Due to its special structural performance and esthetical value, timber was used extensively in the past. Timber-structured buildings had become the main masterstroke in the history of building construction. Thanks to the durability of timber itself, timber components can be used for a long time without any replacement or only needing small remedies. Therefore, till now, there are still many timber-structured buildings built handreds and thousands of years ago. For example, the Forbidden City in Beijing, Sakya Tower of Buddha Temple in Ying Xian of Shanxi province, Dule Temple in Ji Xian Tianjin, Urnes Stave Church in Norway etc. These timber buildings are the important heritages of the history. They reflect the wisdom of our ancestors and those craftsmen, the status of culture and art, scienc and technology as well as politics, economy, society, religion and folk-custom of that time. They are the testimonies of history. Timber was used especially wide in ancient China. The building itself is valuable enough. However, there are still many sculptures, paintings, porcelains, lacquerworks and jade articles as well as inscriptions in it, which have profound cultural meaning and important value for research and appreciation.However, these ancient buildings were not effectively fire protected during their construction. Therefore, as one of the basic tasks of protecting these historical buildings, fire protection is very important and necessary. In recent years, some timber-structured historical buildings have been burnt out. For example, Wu Dang Shan, the heritage of the world, caught fire in January 30, 2003, the famous main hall of Yuzhen Palace was burnt out; Beijing Huguo Temple (more than 700 years old) caught fire in June 20, 2004, its west side hall was completely burnt out, which caused great loss and unfavorable influence.The basic characteristics and fire properties of timber historical buildings have been introduced in the thesis. The fire protection problems and fire causes have been thoroughly analyzed. Based on site investigation and reference survey, the difficulties and weak points in protecting the timber historical buildings from fire have been found and flexible fire protection system has been designed to provide reference for the supervision and evaluation of long-term management of these buildings. With the reference of fire protection design experiences and the advanced fire protection technology in the world, the fire protection alternation of these timber historical buildings has been studied and effective alternation scheme has been put forward. Methods of combining the case study and reference analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as the economic and technological analysis have been used to constructe a whole set of system to effectively and practically protect these timber historical buildings from fire. The fire protection system helps to realize the sustainable management and usage of these buildings from the aspects of historical and art value of the buildings as well as fire technology and supervision.Based on the real status of the timber historical buildings of China, it has been suggested that the government should prepare special fire code and regulation for timber historical building to specify the profound meaning of protecting these buildings from fire as well as the relation of law and administration in keeping the fire safety of these buildings. Their different responsibilities should be specified. At the same time, it has been suggested that the government should pay more attention to the fire safety education of the public so as to improve their sense of fire protection. As a result, there must be more and more people taking an active part in the protection of these valuable historical buildings.
|
PDF Full Text Request