Post Evaluation Of Integrated Impact Of Urban Rail Transit On Urban Development And Environment

With various characteristics including mass capacity, scheduled arriving and leaving, environmental protection etc, the urban rail transit is welcome in many metropolis, domestic urban rail transit construction started in 1990's (first subway was constructed in Beijing 1969, but there was no new line before 1990), and more than 10 urban rail lines are working at present, it is of significance to carry out post evaluation of the integrated impact of urban rail transit on urban development and urban environment, to make suggestions on how to benefit from the urban rail transit construction and avoid the bad impact.A review of urban rail transit history overseas and domestic is used in this dissertation to discuss and conclude the integrated impact of urban rail transit on urban development and urban environment. The impact factors are urban form and structure, land use, urban population immigration, noise and vibration, urban air quality, urban landscape. The evaluating methods and criteria are developed after establishing an indicator system for post evaluation, which employs methods including GIS and remote sense technique, public participation, on site monitoring statistically analyzing on past investigated data etc. With three urban rail transit lines in Shanghai as case study, the application of post project evaluation is explored by data collecting, field monitoring and public participation survey. Consequently, some suggestions to improve the urban rail transit construction are presented from the angle of urban health.The result of case study shows: (1) it is clear that urban rail transit construction in southwest Shanghai inducted the local development of belt urban area, which came to be in urbanization earlier than other regions of Shanghai, and also interested residential invest; (2) the construction of urban rail transit connecting the city center and suburb improved the neighbouring accessibility and residential real estate development, which makes people like to immigrate from the center to the suburb; (3) the noise of rail transit Mingzhu line has some effects on the people living , working or studying around the line, while the vibration has relatively light effect; (4) according to the public participation result, people exert a positive attitude toward the landscape impact of rail transit Mingzhu line, considering that it is better than before construction but need improvement on color, pattern and harmonization with neighboring constructions; (5) use of rail transit partly replaced the use of auto cars on some amount in city which can relatively control the total vehicle emission, but the site monitoring shows the ambient air quality at the rail transit district exceed the ambient air quality standard and vehicles emission is measured as above 50% as the total ambient air pollution because of centralization of vehicles in the region.