Study On Emergency Rescue Model And Simulation Of Freeway

The development of the freeway accelerates the increase of the economy, but theaccidents that happened on the freeway trouble people a lot. That is a seriousproblem being in front of us. There are some advantages in the management of thefreeway, most of which is that we always ignore the rescue part in the managementsystem. All of them have negative impact on the operation and the security of thefreeway, and cause the loss of assets and lives. Because most of the accidents areserious comparing to the ones happen on the common road, which is acharacteristic of the accidents happen on the freeway. If there is an accident such asthe mechanical malfunction, the tyre break, the sudden fire or the breaking downthat happens on the common road, it won't be serious. That is because the carspeed is not very high and it is easy to get help. But if it happens on the freeway, itwill cause a serious accident or a second chain accident. That is because the speedis high, the momentum is big and the wallop is strong. So we get a conclusion thatthe research on the rescue is significant.At the present time, the domestic research on this problem is mostly about theorganization, the management and the cooperation of the rescue team and how tofound a rescue system. That is skin-deep and about the frame. There is almost nodeep research. However, the overseas research on the problem is more mature, andset up some useful models. All of them have a common that is the time basedobjective which is disadvantaged in some cases. The research we have done is nottime based and we avoid the disadvantage. So our research on the rescues model issignificant.According to the characteristic of the freeway and the accidents in our country, wedo our research from three factors. They are coverage gap deficiency, rescue traveltime and the economy loss per minute. If a patrolling emergency response vehicleleaves the section it is in charge of, there will be a coverage gap in this section. Ifan accident happens in this section, there will be no emergency response vehicle todeal with the accident. The economy loss of the case above is defined as thecoverage gap deficiency. The time it takes for emergency response vehicle to reachemergency is defined as vehicle's travel time. There are many types of accidentshappened on the freeway, so the importance of time is different for different type.The economy loss an accident causes per minute is defined as the economy loss forthis type of accident. We store the historical data of the accidents happened on thefreeway in the database and sort them by the time section. Then we can get thecoverage gap deficiency of every freeway section in every time section. We can getthe vehicle's travel time from the distance and the vehicle's speed, and we alsocalculate the up and down and the shape of the freeway in this article. We can getthe economy loss per minute from the historical data of the accidents. We create therescue model on the base of these three factors and the objective of the model iseconomy loss.When an accident happens, we can apply the model to solve the problem which isa single objective optimization problem. We find that the problem we are solvingis similar to the assignment problem in the operational research. If we transformour problem a little we can use the method that is used in the operational researchto solve the assignment problem to solve our problem. The method is calledHungary arithmetic. Then we found the method to solve our problem.The reason why we do the research is that we want apply the theory we got in theresearch to the real life. To do it expediently, we use the computer andcommunications technique to make the theory a real production the people can useexpediently. The production concludes two parts, one is the hardware part and theother is the software. The hardware part concludes the GPS(Global PositionSystem) and the GPRS(General Packet Radio Service). We put the GPS into theemergency response vehicle, so we can get the longitude and latitude data from thesatellite. Then the longitude and latitude data is transferred from the GPRS and theInternet to the order center. The software part concludes the arithmetic, databaseand the database interface. There are the historical accidents data, the economyloss per minute and the longitude and latitude data in the database. The softwaresystem access the database by the interface. The software system is programmedby Visual Basic language. When accidents happen, we can get a strategy to dealwith the accident by the software system.We should check the validity of the model in the end. First of all, we create someaccidents according to the rule of the accidents, including the location, the timeand the type of the accident. Secondly, we get a rescue strategy by the model.Finally, we compare the rescue strategy to the former rescue way and the validityof the model could be proved.The research we have done here relates to three factors and the theory we got isvaluable for the practice. The model could not only be used as a single system andalso be embedded into other rescue system and become more useful. The researchwe have done here is highly significant for the whole rescue field.