Research On Performance-based Design Based On The Analysis Of Human Behavior

Fire, as a man-made disaster, to a certain extent, affected the socio-economic development and people's normal life. At the same time, fire pollutes the atmosphere and causes damages to the environment. It not only makes some people in difficulties, but also utters miseries, capturing a lot of people's lives and health and making it difficult to eliminate physical and mental suffering. According to the World Fire Statistics Centre and the European Community study estimated that if the direct losses in the fire accounted for 2%o of the national GDP, then the loss of the entire fire will account for 10%o of the national GDP. In these fires, building fires accounts for 70% of the total fire, or even as high as 80%; casualties 80%, with less years of 80%; direct property loss about 85%.Nearly all cluster die and cluster wound catastrophic fire accidents were the building fires.In recent years, the emergence of new decorative materials and new technology for buildings made buildings'structures more complex and function diverse, which give great challenges to the buildings'fire safety work. In the design of these buildings, if the designer don't consider the fire resistance of building components and the safety of the personnel evacuated are not considered comprehensively, it is likely to lead to cluster die and cluster wound fire accidents.After the fire, we should consider the personal safety issues firstly. Therefore, the study of human behavior characteristics and psychological characteristics in the fire would play an important role in ensuring the evacuation and building performance-based design.As a new method for buildings design, performance-based design has many advantages. This paper analyzes the features, problems and defects of the existing "prescriptive" design, and gets the benefits, implementation steps and methods of performance-based design by comparing. Performance-based design of buildings includes two aspects:First, to ensure safe evacuation of personnel in building; second is to ensure the fire resistance design of building components. The former is the focus of this paper.With many years work experience on building fire prevention in the fire department, the author analyzed the special evacuation behaviors and psychologies of staff after the building fire broking out, and the factors impacting these special behaviors and psychologies. After split the required safety evacuation time in detail, we carried out a detailed study on the impact of staff' special behaviors and psychologies on each time segment.By analyzing the special behavior and psychology of human in the process of evacuation after the building fire occurred, and the impacts of these behaviors and psychologies on each part of evacuation time, we propose the views of guiding significance to performance-based design of buildings. These improvements aim to reduce stuff response time and action time of evacuation. Specific performance-based design improvements as follow:selecting the appropriate fire detectors; improving the corridor, atria and staircases and so on. These improvements have made the design of buildings more human and more performance-based, which provides fire departments with theoretical and technical guidance in the future fire prevention.At the mean time, this paper also prospected how to implement and develop building performance-based fire safety design, and made a summary of the problems, which are to be addressed in the present implementation of building performance based design for the fire safety officers.