Preparation And Electrochemical Performances Of Electrode Materials For Supercapacitors

As a high performance of compact energy, the performances of supercapacitor depend on the electrode materials. The effects of the special morphological structure of materials on the electrochemical properties are investigated, so that to obtain high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The main contents are given as follows:AC was modified with KOH activation. Experiment results showed that the specific capacity of activated AC electrode was about 25F/g higher than non-activated one. And its cycle properties were also improved.The mesoporous NiO was prepared by template method with hydrothermal reaction. And different preparation conditions effecting on surface topography of NiO were investigated, such as reactants concentration, the choose of surfactants, hydrothermal temperature and time. The initial discharge capacity of the mesoporous NiO under the optimal preparation conditions and the NiO prepared by normal precipitation were 235.5F/g and 189.0F/g, they reduced 227.3F/g and 171.9F/g after 400 cycles.Base on hydrothermal conditions of the mesoporous NiO, the mesoporous CoS was prepared by template method with hydrothermal reaction. The initial discharge capacity of the mesoporous CoS under the optimal preparation conditions and CoS prepared by normal precipitation were 398.7F/g and 309.2F/g, they reduced 335.6F/g and 250.4F/g after 400 cycles.The nano MnO₂ was prepared by hydrothermal reaction. And different preparation conditions effecting on surface topography of MnO₂ were investigated, such as hydrothermal temperature, adding or not adding surfactants, and hydrothermal time. The initial discharge capacity of the nano MnO₂ under the optimal preparation conditions and the MnO₂ prepared by normal precipitation were 226.2F/g and 165.6F/g, they reduced 213.1F/g and 136.7F/g after 400 cycles.In this thesis, the electrochemical properties of three kinds of electrode material prepared by template method or hydrothermal method are better than those prepared by normal precipitation. In the three kinds of electrode materials, the specific capacity of mesoporous CoS is 160¹70F/g higher than the other two electrodes, but the cycle performance, the stability and the electrical conductivity of CoS electrode is poorer than the other two. CoS electrode should be deeply investigated in future. The mesoporous NiO and the nano MnO₂ have good electrochemical properties for supercapacitor. This thesis will be beneficial for theoretical research and practical application of supercapacitor electrode materials.