Research And Application Of On-Line Dynamic Balancing Device For High-Speed Spindle System

There is inevitable unbalance in high-speed rotating spindle system because of mechanic structure design, manufacturing, installation and mechanic components wear, thermal deformation. While the machine is in high-speed state, the unbalance vibration caused by unbalance cause many adverse effects on machining accuracy and life. Therefore, the high-precision on-site dynamic balancing technology has been the focus of domestic and foreign scholars which will avoid the frequent downtime.The development of computers, digital signal processing technology promote the dynamic balancing technology matures. Based on the influence coefficient method, a separate set of high-precision dynamic balancing instrument has been researched and developed, which has the characteristic of simple structure, easy installation, fully functional. Main content was introduced as follows.The balancing theory and its application on in double-sided dynamic balance technology based on influence coefficient method were researched. According to the basic theory of unbalance, the model of single freedom degree damped system for high-speed rotating spindle was constructed. And analyze the influence coefficient method of single-sided dynamic balancing theory and the application on double-sided balancing technology, which laid the theoretical basic of the development of the flexible rotor multi-faceted dynamic balancing device.The mechanical device of on-line dynamic balancing instrument based on influence coefficient method was designed. Single dynamic balancing instrument adopts two symmetrical imbalance rings with a triangle with claw tooth meshing and detaching with the shaft engagement ring, which constitute the clutch structure so as to achieve the differential operation. The imbalance rings remove along the spindle by the common effect including the spring force and electromagnetic force. Under the action of bearing rolling friction force, the imbalance rings realized slowing down. In addition, this paper analyzes the fit clearance between the imbalance rings and the shaft to ensure the reliability of unbalanced ring action. It puts forward emphatically that the location method between the high-speed spindle and the single balancing instrument should be improved. Only if the orientation problem has been solved, the dynamic balance device has the industrial application value.The control system of dynamic balancing instrument based on influence coefficient method was researched. There were three parts including unbalanced vibration signal acquisition, monitoring of transfer frequency and positioning control. This paper designed a relatively accurate frequency measurement scheme combining its self-structure characteristic and fited the unbalance vibrate signal that is as base frequency by rotational frequency using the least square method simulate, which have been proved to be reliable by simulation test. Furthermore, this paper provided the fault diagnosis method about the unbalance failure. Besides above, the paper researched the signal processing adopting the 32-bit high performance digital signal processor TMS320F2812 as the center controller, as well as the expansion RAM module and the LED module, these module design ensured the product extensions and practical.The simulation and debugging aiming at high-speed spindle under the DSP development environment CCS was researched after the orientation problem was resolved. Lots of test results demonstrated that the single-side dynamic blancing instrument can work perfectly with the measuring speed and position accurately, reliable performance and good engineering application value.