The Historical Experience Of Shanghai Disaster Relief In The Early Years Of New China (1949-1952)

China has always been a country of disasters, in which various calamities occurred frequently. So disaster relief became one of the main tasks of the rulers. After the founding of New China, China suffered various kinds of serious natural disasters under the background of economic difficulties, regime alternation and ruling resource scarcity. As the national economic center and one of the most important strategic positions, Shanghai and East China not only met the destruction of reactionary forces, but also happened to all kinds of serious disasters. These had brought serious challenges to the new-born regime. The Chinese Communist Party and the Government paid great attention to the disaster relief, formulated a series of positive policies, led people's production, and finally won the people's support and consolidation of the new regime.This paper aims to study the activities of The Chinese Communist Party and the Government who led the people in all kinds of disaster, prompt the contemporary research of disasters relief and provide some reference and enlightenment for China's current disaster relief. And it also presents the facts how the Chinese Communist Party and the Government deled with crises, integrated social, won the support, managed the city, consolidated the regime and achieved development.There are four parts in the paper:The first part analyzes the disaster situation in Shanghai and east China. The disasters that happened in shanghai in the Early Years of New China were made up with natural disasters, transference disasters, bandits plagues, fire and other social productive disasters. And this part focuses on analyzing the challenges that the disasters brought to the new-born regime, analyzing the urgency and necessity of disaster relief under the situation of critical. The second part analyzes the evolution of the relief agencies and the relief policies in Shanghai, there were government-led relief agencies and non-governmental organizations. They played different roles in the disaster relief. This part focuses on analyzing the disaster relief policies.The third part analyzes the disaster relief measures of the Chinese Communist Party and the Government in Shanghai in the Early Years of New China. The main measures are providing shelter, relief, repatriation, production and conservation and so on.The fourth part analyzes the results of the disaster relief work and the overall characteristic. And points out the deficiencies and the historical enlightenment to China's current disaster relief work.