| As the global population and the scale of economies growing, the environmental issues and resource crisis caused by energy use has become an indisputable fact. To protect the living environment of human beings and to achieve sustainable economic development, under this background, low-carbon economy, low carbon technologies and other new concepts came into being. Currently, countries all the world have strengthened the research of energy conservation and pollution control, and made efforts to improve or exclude those with high pollution and high energy consumption technologies and processes. Desizing process,which is one of the biggest sources of pollution in textile production processes, should arouse people's attention. To meet the requirements of low-carbon economy and low-carbon technologies, and to improve low efficiency, high energy and water consumption and other issues in traditional desizing methods, this paper presents a new type of desizing approach on the basis of ultrasonic cleaning technology-focused ultrasonic desizing technology.At present, the ultrasonic cleaning technology has been widely used in mechanical processing, medical health, textiles and other industries. Some domestic and foreign researchers were trying to apply ultrasonic cleaning technology to the processes of textile desizing, and had achieved good desizing results. The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1) The idea of using focused ultrasound technology directly on fabric desizing based on the research of ultrasonic desizing at home and abroad is given, the theory of focused ultrasonic desizing is analyzed and verified by experiment.(2) Based on the method of using focused ultrasonic technology directly on fabric desizing, a set of focused ultrasonic desizing equipment for experimental research is developed and assembled.(3) To study the relationships between the effect of focused ultrasonic desizing and size type, fabric specifications, three fabrics with different weave structures were selected for disizing experiment. According to different parameters on the degree of influence to the desizing experiments, selected four parameters as the experimental factors of the focused ultrasonic desizing, got the optimal parameters of ultrasonic desizing process by L9 (34) orthogonal experimental design. Various fabric properties (such as the fabric tensile strength, elongation, whiteness and scanning electron micrographs, etc.) of conventional alkaline desizing, focused ultrasonic desizing, ultrasonic-assisted alkaline desizing the are analyzed and compared.According to the experimental results, conclusions are as follows:Firstly, we got the best desizing process parameters of three fabrics by orthogonal optimization design:(1) Fabric B3096:cleaning fluid temperature is 65℃, driving drum line speed is 0.5m/min, amplitude is 100%, the distance between vibration head and cloth is 5-10mm;(2) Fabric B2288:cleaning fluid temperature is 45℃, driving drum line speed is 0.5m/min, amplitude is 90%, the distance between vibration head and cloth is 0-5mm;(3) Fabric B3253:cleaning fluid temperature is 55℃, driving drum line speed is 0.5m/min, amplitude is 90%, the distance between vibration head and cloth is above 10mm.Secondly, the use of focused ultrasonic desizing technology can not only shorten the desizing time for about 50%, the size removal of the fabric is 75% to 80%.Thirdly, focused ultrasonic effect on the fabric had shortened the desizing time, which could reduce potential damage to the fabric, it's mechanical properties increased slightly.Finally, fabrics after focused ultrasonic desizing had the best whiteness compared with the conventional alkaline desizing and the ultrosonic-assisted alkaline desizing.In conclusion, focused ultrasonic desizing technology not only reduces desizing time, increases desizing efficiency, saves energy resources and reduces environmental pollution, and the desizing effectiveness and performances of the fabrics are also equal or better than the conventional desizing methods. |
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