| Shafts are the important parts which are used widely in machinery. Upon heating, shafts are subject to bending. The traditional method of straightening is inefficient and low quality which only by the workers'experiences with the method of approximation. With the factors of heat treatment, geometric and others, it is very difficult to build the exact theoretical model of straightening.In this paper, it research on the design of straightening machine of shalts and the methods of detecting, fitting and straightening of axis bending in theoretical and practice, which combined with the analytic geometry theory, numerical analysis, mechanics of materials, elastic-plastic mechanics and so on. It mainly includes three parts as follows:(1)The mathematical model building method of shaft axis consists of four steps:(1) to build the curve equation of axis bending, (2) to get the curvature, deflection and torsion, (3) to get the deflection equation, and (4) to find the maximum deflection point of bending, the location and the phase angle by solvede the deflection equations of axis.(2)The detecting and fitting method of shaft axis consists of four steps: (1) to take a number of sections along the axial direction, (2) to rotate the shaft, (3) to obtain readings at various points on the surface along the radius in each sections, and (4) to find the least square center of the sections on the axis according to the testing results followed by fitting the centers for all sections.(3)The straightening correction calculating method consists of three steps: (1) to put the processing of straightening with pressure into a simple deflection-load curve model, (2) to analyse the deflection - load curve, and (3) to get the formula of press amount during straightening as well as the relationship of the springback and the amount of initial bending by the plastic mechanics theory and empirical formula.Finally, the work in this paper was summarized and the further research problems were indicated.
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