The Study On The Investigation And Evaluation Of Natural Radioactivity Ecological Environment In Guangdong Province And The Countermeasure

For human beings, natural radiation is the main source of radiation. It is much more than the radiation exposure from all nuclear facilities for peaceful purposes. There are about 60 kinds of natural radioactive nucleus in the air, water, rock, soil and vegetation in different extent of distribution. The damage of natural radioactivity radiation depends on the way of exposure, duration and radiation dose, but the damage is destructive, so it was regarded as the No.1"invisible killer"in the human living environment.Since the 1980s, with the rapid development of the global economy and improvement of people's living standards, people pay more attention to the environmental quality. Particularly with the knowledge of radioactive radiation increasing, the more attention was paid to the natural radiation environment of humanity. For decades, based on the radiation protection, people had studied on how to limit the ionizing radiation in order to ensure the damage was accepted by society and individual, and ensure the huge benefit of atomic energy application. With development of the science and technology, improvement of people's living standard and the extensive application of atomic energy, all over the word were pay attention to the investigation and evaluation of natural radiation environment and management.From the beginning of developing nuclear industry, Party and Government had paid high attention to the nuclear and radiation safety work. Nuclear and radiation safety supervision, ecological environment protection and pollution prevention are called the three pillars of environment protection. From the eighties to the early nineties, it had been made a series of environmental background radiation data because of conducting the national environmental natural radioactivity surveys which aimed to ascertain the status of our environment, the natural radioactivity level and the distribution. In the 21 century, the more detailed investigation of natural radiation environment evaluation was carried out in part of our country.Guangdong province has unique geographical setting and geological conditions, and favors for the abundance radioactivity mineral resource which induced the anxiously natural ecological environment of radioactive. Particularly in nowadays, the large natural land resources, water resource, mineral resources development and major infrastructure projects were increasing frequently,"National Economic and Social Development of Guangdong Province'11th Five-Year plan'", and Provincial Party Committees and Provincial Government"the Decision About Striving To The Vanguard Of Applied Scientific Outlook On Development"and"Reform of the Pearl River Delta Region Development Plan(2008-2020)"were proposed to strengthen the ecological protection and environmental management, and build the harmonious ecological environment between the human and nature. Radiation survey and evaluation of the ecological environment is the indispensable part of environment management and protection system work, so it is urgent and important to carry out the investigation and evaluation of natural radioactive environment, and fill with the management of the deficiency in this work of Guangdong province.This dissertation studied the survey, evaluation and management status analysis of natural radiation in Guangdong province with home and abroad, based on these studies, it proposed the necessity, impendence and feasibility of carrying the survey and evaluation of ecological environment in Guangdong province, and also proposed the policies and suggestion of survey and evaluation of ecological environment to achieve the protection of the environment and public health.