Pollution Characters, Prediction And Assessment Of Suspended Particulates In Typical City Traffic Roads

By analyzing annual atmospheric suspended particulate matter (PM10, TSP) pollution monitoring data on three typical urban roads (street canyon, open roads, crossroads) in two typical cities (Beijing, Guangzhou), the study about urban traffic road particulate pollution generation, migration and diffusion laws was conducted in this thesis, while a exploring research about Chinese urban PM10 forecasting and evaluation methodology was carried out. Referring to current foreign advanced road traffic pollutant dispersion models and evaluation methods and combining with the characteristics of urban road traffic, the secondary dust emission factors were added to the PM10 emission factor calculated by MOBILE6.2 in order to gain PM10 integrated emission factors of six types of vehicles in Beijing from 2008 to 2009. In simulation and prediction of the PM10 concentrations on the sides of urban traffic roads, CALINE4 was applied to the crossroads and the open Road, while OSPM model was used in street canyon. Good simulating and predicting results were obtained. In order to evaluate the PM10 pollution in the whole city or on specific traffic roads, there were two ways in use:PM10 pollution emission and PM10 traffic environmental capacity.The results showed that there were not clear correlations between the concentrations of PM10 or TSP in the air of traffic roads and humidity or temperature, but the significantly positively correlations (5%significance level) were displayed among the concentrations of PM10 or TSP in the air of traffic roads and the traffic flow as well as the corresponding concentration of suspended particles on comparison points. The PM10 background concentration played a leading role in affecting the value of PM10 in the air of traffic roads in Beijing. Compared with Beijing, the PM10 concentration in the air of Guangzhou traffic roads were more vulnerable to the impact of road traffic. Moreover, PM10 and TSP concentrations in the air of street canyon roads in Beijing and Guangzhou had positive linear correlations and the slopes in the fitted regression equations were 1.262 (Beijing) and 1.316 (Guangzhou), respectively. CALINE4 and OSPM model were applicable to simulation and prediction of PM10 concentration on typical Chinese urban traffic roads. Using PM10 pollution emission and traffic environmental capacity analysis to evaluate urban PM10 pollution status quo showed that the Beijing PM10 emissions from road transport were more than 40,000 tons in 2008 and 2009. Beijing and Guangzhou region environmental capacity is nearing saturation in 2010. In order to improve the air quality, controlling vehicle growth is needed.