| Traffic is an indispensable part of human life from time immemorial, with the great development of urban traffic, modes of transportation, vehicle, inner and Inter traffic convergence have been greatly improved, and the modern traffic optimizes the living and travel. But with the development of city and the increase of urban population, the lack of synchronization of the development of cities and the development of transportation in China, urban traffic problems have become prominent progressively, the negative impact is gradually increased such as traffic congestion, air pollution resulting from excessive traffic exhaust, the traffic noise pollution, and the birth of the corresponding secondary social problems. With the city’s functional diversity and travel target diversification, urban traffic cannot fully meet the requirements of urban development and travel requirements. According to the survey, part of the city traffic peak speed is only ten kilometers per hour, for example Shanghai and Beijing city, as the two most important cities in China, the peak speed is merely 8km per h, more traffic thoroughfares such as bridges and runnels are almost at a standstill, the bus passenger density can be as high as 14 people per m2, traffic capacity usually pass by at least 30% than normal. The increasingly serious traffic problems do not only bring the loss of time and economic, but also bring serious environmental problems, which it is contrary to the purpose of the city itself, the optimization of human habitat environment. At the present stage, putting forward the strategy of sustainable development is the new necessary of the development of the city and life. Therefore, the optimization of city traffic is an urgent need to solve. According to optimizing city traffic, besides that solve the existing traffic problems properly, it is the most important in traffic planning to make reasonable plan in order to guarantee the rationality of traffic network after the implementation and control the traffic pollution from the source that make the planning meet the requirements of sustainable development. Planning environmental impact assessment is control planning tool from the source whose main goal is to propose optimized measures and controlling strategies to mitigate environmental problems brought by the plan in the planning stages, this paper will study reasonable traffic planning strategy taking environmental quality as a vital factor by the means in planning environmental impact assessment, explore the relationship among the transportation, land use planning and environmental quality, establish the reasonable exhaust forecasting mode based on the reasonable land use in traffic planning stage, quantify the pollution contribution caused by the traffic exhaust to air quality, restrain the content of traffic planning through reasonable emission interval, make judgment of the sustainable development strategy of traffic planning in accordance with built model, improve traffic planning and strengthen the environmental impact control ability of the traffic planning environmental assessment.The study of this paper is on the air pollution prediction model for urban traffic belonging to planning environmental, which it is a kind of technology and methods who could be used in the planning environmental assessment research. The contents of this research include exploring the internal relations and the law of urban land use, transportation planning and environmental air pollution emissions, applying the model to constrain the amount of traffic through pollution, and make land use reasonable under the condition of the traffic accommodation during the planning stage. The overall urban planning, transportation planning, regional planning environmental impact assessment are the foundation of this paper, which they are carried out for many years by the research group. This paper is focusing on the whole or part traffic characteristics of Wuhan and Enshi city, the features of urban special functional areas such as industrial logistics area, farmer’s area, residential area, commercial area, analyzing the correspondence of different traffic characteristics, change land of transportation, traffic problems, air pollution of traffic. Using the known land-use planning, transportation planning, forecasting model and pollutant emission model, this paper integrates and the model, takes the traffic in urban transport planning and the binding indicators of the amount of land covering as emission limits, strengthens traffic control in transportation planning, land size, decomposes the known motor vehicle traffic with the different traffic patterns and vehicle types and optimizes the composition of urban traffic and pollution control under the situation of urban mixed traffic types.The main results of this paper are as follows:(1) By proposing questions of three contradictions in urban development among land using, transportation, environmental protection, the proposed use of environmental impact assessment plays an important role for sustainable urban development to optimize the existing solution to the problem. Through domestic and international research and practice literature research, including transportation planning model development, air pollution prediction and the specific practices at home and abroad to carry out at this stage, determines the basic theoretical research trends and strategies to be adopted for urban land use, transportation development to study the relations in environmental protection. Based on this, the relevant environmental impact assessment of air pollution prediction model can be established by building procedures and preliminary design model discriminant function model. The aim of model is to provide sustainable development strategy to transportation planning, and to ease traffic problems corresponding stage.(2) By reviewing the basic content of the theory and the status quo, the fundamental basis for traffic planning environmental impact assessment, the basic methods and procedures as well as the typical case, this paper further explores the planning environmental impact assessment as an important basis, specific implementation steps, and some steps to implement the main points for a sustainable transport planning. Taking advantage of optimization strategy proposed in the plan in accordance with the typical case of environmental impact evaluation guides deficiencies of transportation planning, and emphases the transportation planning environmental impact assessment must be carried out in order with traffic planning to play the biggest role in the prevention of pollution, which needs a clear plan and some planning internal elements connotation relationship in order to achieve more accurate quantitative prediction model, to achieve its own significance and its guiding value.(3) Motor vehicle traffic exhaust pollutants mainly CO, NOx, HC, HC type complex which contains dozens of toxic and hazardous trace organic compounds. For the corresponding medium developed city of Wuhan, except for motor vehicles, it also has of non-motorized transport on the environment contribution to pollution. According to the characteristics of urban traffic information collection and preliminary correspondence, the urban layout and traffic distribution, the distribution of traffic pollution is closely related to the city center to maintain a high volume of traffic. The city’s main traffic channel to maintain a high volume of traffic, and the urban center regional traffic evacuation is less high input on the city center; city tour in residential, commercial, office tour traffic volume, specific functional areas such as industrial, logistics, traffic and stable farm area. For existing urban transportation in Wuhan as an example to analysis of motor vehicle, rail and ferry emissions characteristics, determines rail as clean and pollution-free mass transit means, and also can evacuate the city of existing motor vehicle pollution. Finally, the accounting methods of sewage and all types of motor vehicle transport sewage rate fixed, the basic relationship between the analysis of pollution transport, urban layout, structure and air pollution and traffic groups, respectively, to determine the different modes of transport, urban and environmental groups accounting basic mathematical models, and urban layout for transport selection decision.(4) The foregoing summary of the mathematical relationship between the initial determinations of air pollution prediction model transportation planning to establish the basis for sustainable development. First, determine the main transportation mode is selected by the relationship between urban development and transport development model of urban layout, and secondly, through the model of urban land use and transport behavior of the overall relationship, determine important parameters-travel time to the travel time for the bridge, erected on site conditions air pollution prediction model of traffic behavior and propose amendments module prediction model. Correction module includes subway and other clean vehicles, a small share of the total pollution transport ferry traffic contribution to the existing air pollution evacuation correction external traffic is converted into an internal short-term surge in traffic contribution amendments different models itself on the external environment amendments. By analyzing the model sensitivity and uncertainty, a clear model for further optimization and study a certain basis, it can be corrected by the timeliness of the late model intrinsic parameters.(5) This paper mainly introduces the union of special function cities including Wuhan, Enshi. Wuhan is a medium developed city, which has complex urban land use, complex urban transportation, traffic volume, internal and external traffic conversion frequent traffic travel, poor purposes complex traffic running ability, shortage of land transportation, traffic exhaust pollution is more serious; Enshi is a micropolis whose urban transport is single, but it has outdated facilities urban roads, urban functional areas of land unreasonable, local severe traffic congestion, serious traffic exhaust pollution. And special features correspond to urban areas, such as industrial and logistics area, farm district, which is a very simple, including single mode of travel, traffic rules, and lower pollution. The trip purpose of the residential, the commercial, and the office is complex, multi-functional style, but traffic rules work mainly to peak travel in weekend, night travel volume. Local business centers maintain peak traffic and serious pollution emission. To address this problem, information collection was made in case corresponding area, mainly regional traffic acquisition cases, vehicle type, traffic transport capacity, the main features of the acquisition of regional pollution emissions information, change the concentration of pollutants, as well as the emission of pollutants to understand the case of basic land use area, traffic conditions, pollution. Finally, Wuhan City, Enshi City, as well as the corresponding functional groups to verify the actual effect of its traffic air pollution forecasts in the planning stages.(6) A comprehensive summary research results of this paper, including the model of internal factors, development of urban planning and traffic planning and development of the land use, transport and environmental quality have relationship model between science and sustainable development, model function and improve the environmental impact assessment work of the corresponding traffic planning.In this paper, there are still shortcomings, further research through mathematical model of internal factors, traffic prediction for multi-target trip purpose and traffic behavior and physiology analysis, traffic land multi-level planning (development and management of underground space planning, strengthen the deep relationship between tracking) city development factors and pollution characteristics in these aspects. Along with the lapse of time, the traffic information and environmental information monitoring system are becoming more and more rich and perfect, research foundation more solid. |
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