The Quantitative Evaluation Of Eco-Environment Damage Induced By Coal Exploitation In Yushenfu Mining Area

The Yushenfu mining area locates in the transition zone of Maowusu desert and hill ravine of loess plateau in China. There are thick loose beds, droughty, short of the rain and little vegetation, more aeolian sands on the ground surface in the mining area. The seam of the mining area that has the characteristics of shallow imbedding, thick mining, thin bedrock and thick loose beds is a typical shallow seam. In this condition, mining will result in a series of eco-environment damage. The problems, which badly harm the property of nation and people, are researched and solved to the sustainable development of the mining area. First, the paper establish the evaluation index system of eco-environment damage in coal mining area on the basis of studying synthetically the theory and practices of related fields such as environment science, geology, security, and mining science. Second, this essay evaluates Yushenfu mining area quantificationally by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, the passage presents some prevention countermeasures according as the results. The major conclusions are as follows:Firstly, on the basis of researching deeply on the generant mechanism of the mining subsidence damage, the groundwater damage and the eco-environment damage in Yushenfu mining area, the mining subsidence is the most important and essential issue, and the groundwater damage and the eco-environment damage are the chain reaction derivative damage of the mining subsidence damage.Secondly, the quantitative evaluation index system of the eco-environment damage in mining area includes three subsystems which are the mining subsidence damage, the groundwater damage and the eco-environment status. The subsystem of mining subsidence damage involves five indexes which are perturbation coefficient, width-depth ratio, synthetical protodyakonov coefficient of overburden rocks, subsidence factor, the ratio of mining depth and height. The subsystem of the groundwater damage involves two indexes which are the spatial relationship between caving & fracture zone height and key aquifers (aquiclude), aquiferous coefficient. The subsystem of the eco-environment status is expressed by ecological index (EI) which is a synthetical factor. The index weightiness is confirmed by AHP.Thirdly, this research chooses 12 coal mines of Yushenfu mining area as sample point and evaluates them by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that:â‘ The mining subsidence damage grade of Yushenfu mining area is third grade (serious) on the whole. Speaking in detail, the mining subsidence damage grade is third grade in Yujialiang, Sunjiachalonghua, Yanghuopan, Halagou, Dahaize, Sunjiachawangluogou, Shiyaodian, Shigetai, Yushuwan; the mining subsidence damage grade is second grade (moderate) in Shibadun, Erdun, Santaijie.â‘¡The groundwater damage grade of Yushenfu mining area locates between first and second grade(low-moderate)on the whole. Speaking in detail, the groundwater damage grade is first grade (low) in Yushuwan, Sunjiachalonghua, Dahaize, Shiyaodian, Shigetai; the groundwater damage grade is second grade (moderate) in Shibadun, Yujialiang, Halagou, Santaijie, Sunjiachawangluogou; the groundwater damage grade is third grade (serious) in Yanghuopan, Erdun.â‘¢The eco-environment status grade of Yushenfu mining area locates between first and second grade(better-moderate)on the whole. Speaking in detail, the eco-environment status grade is first grade (better) in Yushuwan, Halagou, Shigetai; the groundwater damage grade is second grade (moderate) in Yujialiang, Dahaize , Shiyaodian,; the groundwater damage grade is third grade (bad) in Sunjiachalonghua.â‘£The eco-environment damage grade of Yushenfu mining area is third grade(serious). Speaking in detail, the eco-environment status grade is third grade (serious) in Yujialiang, Sunjiachalonghua , Halagou , Dahaize ,Shiyaodian, Shigetai, Yushuwan.Finally, this passage presents some prevention countermeasures from different points of view such as policy, law, economy, management, research of science and technology.