| Excavate coal subsidence water area in mining area is a product by coal exploitation and production. The subsidence water areas are extended with the increasing of exploitation in recent years while the ecological environment is deteriorating. Nowadays, subsidence water area has become the special component of the surface water in Huainan mining area. Nihe River is the main surface river in Panji mining area of Huainan city. Influenced by subsidence, part of Nihe River has correlated with the subsidence water area which plays an important role in water environment. With increasing of the scale of coal exploitation and power plants around, reasonable using the water resource in mining area is one of effective measures to deal with the problem about needing more water in coal production and daily life of human being. So, it is necessary to know the characteristics of surface water in mining area, appraise the water and find the environmental influencing factors or pollution channels.In order to analyze the surface water quality and environmental influencing factors, the distribution of subsidence water area and water quantity forecast is studied in this paper. Besides, monitor the water quality of subsidence water area and Nihe River, appraise the water using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and cluster anlysis method and probe into the environmental influencing factors and pollution channels. The conclusion is: (1) There are 194 subsidence water areas in the whole Panji mining area which is 10788301.5m2. There are 99, 15 and 80 in Panyi, Pan'er and Pansan respectively while the water area is 6745666.3m2, 1202998.9m2 and 2839636.3 m2 respectively. The water area is nearly 29.16% of the whole subsidence area and the water resource is about 70×108m3 and develops a special water resource. (2) Most of the subsidence water areas have been polluted and only a few belong toⅢclass of Standard of Environment Quality of National Surface Water (GB3838-2002). The water quality of west subsidence water area (in closed condition) of Panyi mining area is degrading from middle to the fringe and only the water in parts of sections is good. East subsidence water area (in open condition) of Panyi is polluted seriously influenced by Nihe River. But east subsidence water area is linked to Nihe River, so the water quality is better than west subsidence water area. (3)Nihe River has been polluted in some degree that transparency is small, that DO is rich, that BOD and COD is higher than normal level and the water is weak basic. The river is polluted more seriously downriver than upriver.The water quality has seasonal variation. Compared with Standard of Environment Quality of National Surface Water (GB3838-2002), heavy metal elements As, Se, Cr, Cu, Zn isn't beyondⅢstandard, while Hg is beyondⅢstandard and Cd, Pb is beyondⅤstandard. It shows that Nihe River has been polluted by some heavy metal elements. Conventional ions, heavy metal elements, caliform and total hardness are increasing from #1 section to #6 section (upriver to downriver) and have accumulative effect. (4) The environmental influencing factors in Panji mining area includes mining area background,"Three waste"(waste gas, waste water and waste residue) industrial pollution source, coal mine water and coal gangue leaching water mining pollution source, agricultural non-point pollution source, sewage or wastes from daily life and hospitals in mining area. The influencing factors pollute the whole water environment by sewage water discharge, permeating pollution or surface runoff pollution.According to the characteristics of water environment in Panji mining area, give some advice and measures about restorement, comprehensive utilization and environmental protection of the subsidence water areas and Nihe River in Panji mining area, setting an example for other mining areas. Comprehensively use the water resource, reduce pollution and obtain huge social, economical and environmental benefits, making Panji mining area sustainable develop. |
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