Study And Practice On Methods Of The Environmental Risk Assessment In Planning EIA

Environmental risk assessment(ERA) is developing with the growth of environmental impact assessment(EIA) and risk assessment.With the development in the last few decades,many developed countries have considered the ERA as a powerful tool for decision-making.The government needs to use human healthy and environmental risk as a potent tool to help public to understand the risk around them and to manage the risk in an effective way in order to protect public's healthy and safety.The transition of economies is usually the time of big environmental accident with high incidence.Entering the 21 century,the processing of industrialization and urbanization is speeding up.There is no doubt that we are facing more potential risk factors than ever before in such background.Hence,it is important to strengthen the work of environmental risk assessment and management.At present the practice work of EIA in"regional"or"planning"are still in its initial stage in our country.Quite often this work can not get rid of the framework of the Project EIA.The Planning EIA is one of strategic EIA(SEA) with more macroscopical object,more broad scope,and more factors.Therefore,its method should be different with method of the Project EIA.The purpose of this paper is to find out how to do work of ERA in planning EIA with more scientific and effective methods.First,the paper collected and summarized the literatures towards ERA, defined the narrow conception what will study in the paper,classified the PERA into three levels:the ERA for construction project,the ERA for regional and the ERA for Planning.Then,study the theoretic frame of PERA from its characteristic and contrast the difference of assessment method between PrERA AND PERA.On this basis,do a case study in a Petrochemical industrial base in Fijian province by using the layout optimization model and fuzzy diffusion model.