Synthesis Of Mesoporous Carbon Materials And Their Applications

This dissertation reports the synthesis and characterization of series of ordered mesoporous carbons(OMCs),magnetic ordered mesoporous carbons(Fe/OMCs),and polyaniline/mesoporous carbon(PANI/MC),as well as their applications in aqueous macromolecular adsorption,drug delivery and supercapacitor.N₂ adsorption,Powder X-ray diffraction,Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometer have been widely used to characterize those materials.Furthermore,the structure parameters of those materials obtained from structure characterizations are correlated to their adsorption behavior and electrochemical properties.Series of OMCs were synthesized by using hard template.N₂ adsorption tests show that the synthesized OMCs possess abundant mesopores and centralized mesopore distribution. Methylene blue(MB),neutral red(NR) and nonylphenol ethoxylate(NPE) were used as probe molecules to investigate their adsorption behavior on OMCs.As evidenced by adsorption tests, the volume of the pores larger than 3.5 nm and the most probable pore diameter are crucial factors for the adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of MB and NR on OMCs,respectively. In contrast,the surface area of the pores larger than 1.5 nm plays a dominant role in the NPE adsorption,whereas the most probable pore diameter of OMCs is vital to the adsorption rate of NPE.A co-casting method has been introduced to synthesize mesoporous composites ofα-Fe and ordered mesoporous carbon withα-Fe nanoparticles embedded in the wall of the carbon. The composites show superparamagnetic behavior,and they were tested as a carrier for the drug,tetracycline hydrochloride(TH).The mesopore surface area and mesopore volume of the composites are crucial factors for the adsorption of the drug,while the average pore sizes of Fe/OMCs exert a deciding influence on the TH desorption rates.The results suggested that the composites could be interesting for drug delivery.Aniline was chemically polymerized on the pore surface of MC.Structure characterization shows that PANI is well coated on the pore surface of MC,and the mesopore structure of MC was not destroyed.Results show that incorporation of PANI can increase dramatically the specific capacitance of MC.The specific capacitance of PANI/MC is sextuple when compared with that of pure MC.