Study On The Effective Supplies Of Disaster Relief In The View Of Public Goods

China is a natural disaster-prone country, with China's continuous economic and social development, the losses caused by disasters is also increasing. At the same time, the type of disasters is increasing, including the public health disasters and production of extraordinarily serious safety incidents. Disaster, which is the development of human society as a destructive factor in public safety, is not only a major test, but also affects the sustainable development constraints. Therefore, the state and society need to provide effective disaster relief system in order to protect the rights and interests of the affected areas, keep economic and social stability.Since the founding of New China, the disaster relief system changing from the benevolent to the national social policy, from the gift to the right, from the arbitrary acts to sexual behavior change, playing an important role for the protection of victims of the basic livelihood and maintaining social stability. But we also should aware the phenomenon that the disaster relief can not meet the needs of the community, at the same time the supply costs more than the actual costs caused by waste of social resources, the problem of insufficient effective supply in disaster relief significantly.However, in the field of research, for disaster-related research has focused on the work experience or for a specific disaster expertise to explore the results of these studies covered a lot of detailed and accurate information, but for disaster relief system of the comprehensive study of inadequacy and far from the practice of disaster relief, it is difficult in practical work applications. Therefore, the field of disaster relief efforts urgently needs to explain the theoretical support and the system of research, this article thinks that the effective supply of disaster relief and disaster relief the problem of insufficient public goods caused by the nature of "government failure" have a close relationship. So this article cut into the public goods perspective, comprehensive survey of disaster relief operations, analysis of the effective supply of disaster relief issues, trying to provide a new perspective to build disaster relief system.In this paper, using the theory of public goods, public choice theory from multiple perspectives, such as an analysis of the effective supply of disaster aid questions. Because of the non-competitive and non-exclusive characteristics of public goods, public goods and non-exclusive and non-competitive characteristics of the external cause such effects will be caused by "market failure", "market failure" has become the Government for public Product of the reasons for the provision of public decision-making to enable the Government to become the dominant supply of public goods the main, but because of the Government's own interests rather than the public interest caused by the preferences of the internal allocation of resources and public decision-making of the same low efficiency will have a "government failure" problem, and "government failure" is caused by lack of effective supply of disaster aid of the underlying causes. Therefore, in order to solve the effective supply of disaster aid problem, we should inadequate supply of public goods from the start. The supply of public goods problem has two aspects: Firstly, the supply of the main issues, namely the relationship between the government and the market; Secondly, the individual differences in the supply and demand that the consumers of public goods in accordance with the actual demand and consumption of public goods from obtain the true effectiveness of the supply of public goods. So, hence the need for the private sector, communities, non-governmental organizations, such as amendments to the principal so that government-led, market, moderate involvement in society, government, market, social tripartite both fulfill their duties and be able to make up for each other and promote each other the main supply of disaster aid accountability mechanisms, WenChuan Earthquake in the formation of crisis management "led by the central government under the central government and the governments of the disaster, local government and local government assistance between the counterparts; the public sector and non-governmental organizations, the Government means United market means the provision of public goods, "the new model is worth learning from. And we can use the public choice theory to explore the private sector into the collective selection of a selection of the resource allocation of public goods to non-market decision-making theory, the basis for building a disaster to help the public acceptability of the model selection requirements and quality requirements for the variables, in order to help the process of implementation of disaster accurate and comprehensive reflection of the needs of society provides a possible aid involved in disaster preparedness to disaster relief from the overall planning, system management, process control, resources , and the aspect of convergence of the systems engineering organization and coordination can be an effective citizen participation, the model for the implementation of disaster aid the process of civic participation and the establishment of an effective model has a positive reference.Therefore, we should set up the main mechanism of disaster supply to clear the duty at the main responsibility for disaster aid, through the public choice model in order to expand citizen participation, improve the allocation of resources in public decision-making efficiency, and ultimately improving disaster supply capacity effective to reduce the threat of disasters to protect the interests of victims, keep economic and social stability.