| Excavator's frame and the work installment structure is complex, the overall size is big, its manufacture precision and the reliability to the complete machine performance display, the service life and the reliability affect are very big. The welding has become one foundation processing methods in multiple structure process of manufacture, the welding structure approximately composes the steel output about 45%. In the world major industry country produces every year .Therefore, the research structural part's welding process, enhances the enterprise structural part diligently the technological level, has the very big practical significance and the economic value.Decided that the structural part quality the factor are many, mainly includes the structural part the pretreatment level, welded joint's quality control, the welding deformation control, the welding to dislodge instrument's selection and the group welds work clothes' design idea aspects and so on sophistication.For component, the pretreatment can be divided into two types. One is the chemical treatment and the other is the machinery treatment. Because of pollution, the enterprise often adopts the machinery treatment. The machinery treatment can be divided three types also, there are pre-treatment, middle-treatment, and fnial-treatment. Pre-treatment often use to deal with armor plate, the advantage of pre-treatment is eficacious and roboticized,but it need to equipment investment and continuous handle work piece; the middle-treatment often use to deal with semi-work piece, It also need to artiifcal disposal, final-treatment often use the spray pill to deal with work piece directly, the advantage of it need not more equipment investment and can improve the quality of work piece. But the degree of roboticized is low. In order to improve the quality require, according to the characteristic of our factory's work piece, we adopt the final-treatment to deal with work piece.The company structural element appearance quality subject matter is the superficial cleanliness difference, the welded joint formation not artistic and so on. we should find a scientific method to solve the problem. I think we should perfect technique standard, perfect the process, perfect the document of verify, etc. We also should adopt advanced technique, and set up the"with the quantity idea that artificial this"and enhance the enterprise management.In the process of manufacture produces each kind of weld defect, the serious influence structure's fatigue life, these flaws and other project question are the same, Complicacy but have the dispersion, it can be used misty gather's theory to adjudicate.The welding deformation is occurs frequently in the construction, must formulate a good control welding deformation plan difficulty to be big, must analyze the weld joint shrinkage strain the rule, the direction and the possible size, uses the correct measure side to be able the effective control welding deformation. Welding deformation's reason mainly with factors and so on structure rigidity, welded joint position, welded joint quantity, welding process concerns. The reduction welding deformation may from the assembly and the welding course, the welding process measure reverse deformation form law and rigid fixation method various aspects begins to work out the plan. Welding deformation's correction method mainly has the machinery to rectify, the flame correction and the mix correction. Along with computer technology's development, the forecast which the butt weld distorts may use the numerical simulation analytic method.Will choose the appropriate dislodgement function to weld the work piece each kind of welded joint to change to the optimum position, will thus avoid standing welds, the overhead welding, will improve the welding quality and the production efficiency. Simultaneously can also reduce worker's labor intensity and the production cost, strengthens the safe enlightened production, is advantageous in the scene management. When shaping wants the overall evaluation structural element the contour characteristic, the welded joint position, operational, to open, if the nature, the security, the attire clamp conveniences and coordinated sets of measures and so on.The welding jig is locates accurately the weldment and clamps, uses around the weldment uses in the assembly and the welding craft equipment, generally has the following function: 1) maintains the work piece locates correctly; 2) reduces the welding heat distortion; 3) improves welds operator's labor intensity; 4) enhances the welding structural element the precision. Spells welds work clothes' localization clamp to follow the engine bed jig's localization, the clamp aspect basic principle, but in design time its utilization wants nimble many. Sometimes as a result of certain component's particularity, locates may design the restraint and owe the restraint the situation. Considered component's welded joint contraction should according to the welded joint position, the form, quantity and the size determined the welding contraction quantity, and superimposes the contraction quantity to the design size in takes the work clothes design the location dimension. Welds shrinks the quantity to remain takes in the main dependence working practice the experience summary. The action which spells welds the work clothes to be able withstand when group weldment's spot welding and loading and unloading produces, but does not destroy and the distortion. Must therefore have the enough intensity, the rigidity and the skin hardness, but must consider that group weldment's smooth loading and unloading, needs to pay attention to the group weldment to be separated from time work clothes' heading and the movement space. To work clothes' essential requirements is: Efficiency, operational, welding quality repeatability. |
