The Application Of Life Cycle Assessment In The Cleaner Production In A Carbon Enterprise

The cleaner production is a new concept of environmental management, and cleaner production audit is the important way to realize cleaner production for enterprise. In recent years, the statistical methods and the material balance methods had been gradually applied in cleaner production audit, the standard system of cleaner production is continuously perfecting, the management of cleaner production audit has been gradually institutionalized, and it has been carried out in agriculture, industrial enterprises, such as iron and steel, chemicals, minerals, cement, and hotels and other service industries.The Life Cycle Assessment is the compilation and audit for the input and output as well as its potential environmental impacts in a product's life cycle, it focuses on the quantitative analysis of environmental impact, and it is an important management tool. The Life Cycle Assessment divides into four steps: the identification of purpose and scope, detailed list analysis, impact assessment and results explanation. According to the complexity, it can be divided into three types, they are the concept, crash and the detailed, the conceptual and intensive Life Cycle Assessment are quite suitable to using the tool of cleaner production audit for single enterprise.The carbon industry as one of the heavy pollution industries, it can produce massive dust and asphalt smoke, its characteristic pollutant is carcinogenic substances-benzene third [Alpha] pi. By using Life Cycle Assessment, analysis the main environmental impact in the production process of carbon enterprise, and carries on the cleaner production audit, and carries on the initiative control to the pollutant production, reduce the load of terminal treatment, in order to achieve the total goal of energy-saving, lowering consumption, reducing pollutant, increasing efficiency. The main results of research is as follows:(1) A carbon factory's carbon anode production processes are divided into three processes of calcinations, molding and baking, the main raw material is petroleum coke and bitumen, and the principal energy is electricity and natural gas. And, the conversion rate of calcined phase is 75.22%, and the conversion rate of roasting is 87.7%, achieves the domestic general level. The waste is dust, waste water and solid waste.(2) The quantification of product's life cycle in A carbon factory indicated that, among ten kinds of environmental impacts, the most remarkable environmental impact in carbon anode production process is the global warming influence, followed by chronic occupational health effects. In the three processes, the environmental impact is largest in the stage of roast, followed by calcinations, the process of molding is minimal.(3) According to the result of Life Cycle Assessment, the roasting workshop is the key workshop. By analysis the pollution discharge situation of roast workshop, and consider the production reality, we can propose 11 clean production decisions, and arrange implementation according to the enterprise's current economic condition.(4) The environmental carrying capacity in the Carbon production is lower after using the decisions, the impact of the Chronic occupational health, global warming, aerosols and ozone depletion reduced 8.9%, 10%, 13.1% and 9% separately. At the same time, the enterprise also obtained the considerable economic efficiency, obtained 2,110,000 Yuan returns. The workers'operating environment also improved and enhanced more.(5) The Life Cycle Assessment methods focus on the quantification of environmental impact in production process, more tally with the concept of cleaner production, and the crash Life Cycle Assessment is convenient, and it is a good tool to carry out the cleaner production for enterprise.