Analysis On Variation Characteristics Of Air Pollution In Shandong Province During 2000-2005

The present study investigated variation characteristics of air pollution at 17 cities, Shandong province.The air quality condition at 17 cities in 2005 was mainly analyzed.The seasonal and inter-annual changes of air pollution at 17 cities were also analyzed during 2000-2005.The differences and causes of air pollution among 17 cities were compared.The main causal factors affected air pollution in Shandong province were analyzed.The results showed:1.The air quality of four regions in Shandong Province in 2005:The Shandong province was divided into four regions,east region,west region,center region and southwest region.In four regions,the air quality at east region in 2005 is the best,next is west region.The air quality in center and southwest regions was worse in 2005.The cities with the most serious air pollution among 17 cities were Jinan and Zibo city,followed by Zibo,Heze,Qingdao and Jining cities with serious air pollution.PM₁₀is the most important air pollutant in Shandong Province.The days when PM₁₀was as the major pollutant reached over 74%days of one year,based on estimation of the air quality index.In addition,the heavy air pollution days mainly occurred in January,February, November and December in 17 cities,which showed that heating in winter is the largest contribution to the air pollution in Shandong province.There were some climate reasons.Disadvantage weather conditions such as static wind and inversion air temperature lays occur frequently in winter season,which is not favorable to pollutant diffusion,result in increase of pollutants concentration and demotion of air quality.2.The seasonal variation of air pollution of four regions in Shandong province during 2000-2005.(1)SO₂ pollution is the worst in winter,and the main reason is that Shandong Province located in northern part of China.AH cities heat by coal in winter,which resulted a rapid increasing of emissions of air pollutants.In addition,inversion air temperature lays occurs frequently in winter,which is not favorable to pollutant diffusion,and result in an increase of concentration of pollutants.Air pollutants concentrations in summer is lower,which is because atmosphere is stable in summer and conducive to pollutant diffusion,and high precipitation possesses leaching action, thus diluting the pollutants concentration.The air pollution in center region is the most serious.The air pollutants concentrations in winter exceed the levelâ…¡level of national air quality standard criteria.The air pollution is the most serious in Jinan and Laiwu city.(2)The seasonal variation of NO₂ was not obvious.The concentration in winter is little higher than in other seasons.Results showed that NO₂ pollution is the result of coal burning and mobile emission in winter.(3)The concentration of PM₁₀was the highest in winter and lower in summer,which is because coal heating in winter is the main reason.The other reasons included the climatic factor and vegetation,such as wind and air temperature increase,and bare ground surface,which is easy to cause blowing-sand and sandstorm,resulting in PM₁₀ pollution.(4)The seasonal changes of main air pollutants in four regions.The air pollution in east region is the least,in center region is the worst;Air quality is better in Weihai, Yantai and Rizhao cities.The cities with worst air quality were Jinan,Laiwu,Qingdao and Jining.3.Based on the analysis above,the annual variation of air pollution of four regions in Shandong Province during 2000-2005 are as follows:(1)In seventeen cities of Shandong province During 2000-2005,the annual average concentrations of SO₂ basically accorded with the levelâ…¡of national standard criteria; the annual average concentrations of NO₂ accord with the levelâ…¡of national standard criteria.Annual changing trend of concentrations of NO₂ is not obvious;the annual concentrations of PM₁₀are over levelâ…¢of national standard in some years and cities. The PM₁₀pollution in Jinan is the most serious,its annual average concentration is higher than other cities(2)The annual average concentrations of main air pollutants in 2005 decreased obviously,which showed that measures of air pollution control in Shandong Province have gotten remarkable achievement.(3)In east region,the annual average concentrations of three main pollutants are lower.The annual average concentrations of SO₂,NO₂,PM₁₀in four cities during 2000-2005 did not exceed their respective the levelâ…¡of national standard criteria, which implied air quality is better.(4)The concentration of SO₂ in Jining,Zaozhuang,Binzhou,Zibo cities is relatively higher.The concentration of NO₂ in Jining is higher.The concentration of PM₁₀in Jinan is higher.4.Urban air quality is of the direct relationships with the city development.Economic development level,energy structure,special landform and climate among the cities make different characteristics of air pollution.The combination of the landform, pollution source and meteorological condition should be the very important to the air quality.