| Along with the rapid development of society and economy, the impacts exerted on natural environment by human activities are becoming more and more serious. The environmental pollution, ecological deterioration and resource scarcity have been the serious problems in all countries. The concept of environment-friendly society has arose from environmental problems, and been the comprehensive results of strategic thinking which includ economic, political, cultural and technological factors to solve environmental problems radically. The construction of environment-friendly society needs a set of scientific, integrated and suitable theory and evaluation method for evaluation and monitoring. However, the theory and practice of environment-friendly society construction are still in the exploring stage. It has important realistic significance and theoretic value to research the theory of environment-friendly society systemically and establish a set of indicator system and evaluation method.In this paper, the conception of environment-friendly society has been comprehended exactly and defines explicitly by researching the theory and practice basis of environment-friendly society.The relationships between environment-friendly society and relevant concepts have been analyzed. The basic structure and overall structure of environment-friendly society have been analyzed systemically. And then, the construction approaches of environment-friendly society have been researched preliminarily. Based on the study mentioned above, a set of indicator system and evaluation method have been established preliminarily. For applying the evaluation system to practice, demonstration study had been done including six cities in east China and Minhang district in Shanghai. Then, analyzed the problems existing in the construction of environment-friendly society in Minhang and provided some countermeasures. The main conclusion in this paper are as follow:(1) Analyzed from the angle of three most basic elements of social structure, environment-friendly society is constituted basically with environment-friendly behavior body, favorable natural environment and social culture advocating environmental ethics and ecological civilization. Analyzed from the angle of basic elements of social structure and mutual relations of them, the overall structure of environment-friendly society including ideological and cultural system advocating environmental ethics and ecological civilization, green political system, environment-friendly economic development mode, environment-friendly social behavior body and favorable natural environment.(2) The environment-friendly society composite index was used to measure the level of environment-friendly society construction in different regions. One-level indicator was attempted to use the concepts, "friendly degree of human to environment" and "friendly degree of environment to human", to measure mutual relations between human and environment. The indicator "friendly degree of human to environment" includes three two-level indicators: economic development mode, social life style, environmental management and culture. The indicator "friendly degree of environment to human" includes two two-level indicators: natural resource and environmental quality. Finally, the indicator system of environment-friendly society is composed by 42 three-level indicators.(3) The result of evaluation of environment-friendly society construction in six cities of East China in 2005 indicates that: Guangzhou(77.4) > Qingdao(76.3) > Ningbo(74.8)>Hangzhou(74.4)>Shanghai(73.8)>Nanjing(72.7). The levels of environment-friendly society construction in the six cities are comparative high, and all of them achieved the level "good". The environment-friendly society composite index of Guangzhou is highest among the six cities, because of its good performances in environmental quality and economic development mode. While the index of Nanjing is the lowest, because of its poor performances in economic development mode and social life style. The demonstration study shows that, the indicator system of environment-friendly society established in this paper has better applicability, and could reflect the actual level of environment-friendly society construction in different areas accurately.(4) The evaluation of environment-friendly society construction of Minhang District from 2000 to 2005 indicates that: The level of environment-friendly society construction in Minhang had been improving annually, and achieved the level "good" in 2005. The environment-friendly society composite index had been increasing slowly from the year 2000 to 2002, and increasing quickly from the year 2003 to 2005. Contrapose the existed problems in construction of environment-friendly society, Minhang should strengthen the efforts as following:①optimize allocation of land resources and improve the level of intensive utilization of land;②adjust energy consumption structure actively and promote energy conservation roundly;③strengthen infrastructure construction for environmental protection to improve the capacity of water pollution control;④develop recycling economy vigorously and push forward cleaner production actively;⑤sparkplug green consumption and promote construction of economical society.
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