Reaseaches On Translating Technice Of Biodiesel From Biteer Almond Oil

The energy crisis appeared, the biodiesel which has renewable capability and environmental friendly characteristics, has been pursuing by every country. According to the national conditions, multiple mountain and hilly and small cultivated land in China, to develop biodiesel productions with food oil crops, which isn't accord with the situation of our country. So the government supports and encourages to develop and plant oilseed trees for biodiesel productions, otherwise until now we haven't read report about using bitter almond oil to produce biodiesel.Prunus armniaca distributed widely in China , the yield of bitter almond has increased year by year with the conversion of cropland to forest. The oil of bitter almond content is up to 51%, and the bitter almond is high yield kind of oilseed tree among the similar oilseed tree species. The bitter almond oil contains toxicit hydrocyanic acid, therefore seldom edible in the daily life. While in the essential oil extracting process, it produces a lot almond oil. The purpose studying on biodiesel preparation process with bitter almond oil is to extend the oilseed trees resources of biodiesel industry as reserve energy and lay foundation.A novel biodiesel from bitter almond oil transesterification with methanol was prepared. Parameters of the biodiesel process were investigated by orthogonal experiment. The contents and compositions of the biodiesel were analyzed by gas chromatography. The optimum conditions were as follows: the amount of catalyst (KOH) 1.2%, the methanol/oil rate (amount of substance)7:1, reaction temperature 60℃, reaction time 60min, and stirring speed 600r/min. Under this condition, the biodiesel methyl conversion rate was 98.38% and the yield rate was 89.63%; the order of effects of the factors on the transesterification was the amount catalyst > the methanol/oil rate (amount of substance) >reaction temperature > reaction time > stirring speed. The main components of biodiesel are the methyl palmitate, the methyl stearat, the methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl palmitoleate. The methyl palmitate account for 2.78%, the methyl stearat account for 0.55%, the methyl oleate account for 64.33%, and methyl linoleate account for 32.23%, the least one is methyl palmitoleate, its amount close to zero, the most one is methyl oleate, only the total of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate is up to 90%. The biodiesel methyl conversion rate of biodiesel refined by the vacuum distillation is up to the 100%. The properties of the biodiesel were measured and the main performance indexes of the biodiesel as a fuel have reached the standards of 0# petroleum diesel in China. The characters of the biodiesel were good ignition, high safty, little corrosive action, strong stability, etc.However, the cost of biodiesel preparation is high, to refine the byproducts of biodiesel, not only can gain amount of high-performance glycerol, but also can reduce the biodiesel cost from the comprehensive value of the fat oil. The methods of refining glycerol were chosen according to compositions and their properties to separate. And then the adapt pH was determined through the test, and the preparation on different methods of purification were made. At last glycerol was refined with the vacuum distillation, the yellowy refining glycerol was obtained. However, because small and standing device, the glycerol rested long time in the hot area, that increased the chance of decomposition and polymerization. So, the quality and quantity of refined glycerol were influenced.