The Research On Effect And Governance Of Transnational Pollution Transfer In The FDI Utilization

Nearly more than 20 years, the tide of economical globalization has rolled up so many countries in the word. The trade and the flow of production elements among countries has developed actively day by day, the multinational corporation spreads the whole world, and the volume of international trade among countries and direct investment by the multinational corporation has increased year by year. But because of the unfairness in international politics and economy, some developed countries for their own benefits are plundering cheap ecological resources of the developing countries and polluting pure ecological environment of the developing countries, so that is saying the developing countries are becoming the storehouse of original materials, the processing factory of pollution-intensive product and dust heap for developed countries, and the developing countries are facing serious transnational pollution transfer. Since the reform and open policy, the volume of FDI in China has increased rapidly, which has accelerated the development of China'economy powerfully and played an extremely vital role in acceleration, but companying introduction of FDI and shift of its industries, some industries which are high energy consumption and high pollution shift to our country from developed countries, which makes our originally extremely frail environment "one misfortune after another". What's more serious, in recent years, in order to develop the native economy and improve the achievement of attracting foreign funds, some local authorities compete to appear kinds of preferential policy and attract foreign funds repeatedly at low level not considering the local resources and the industrial structure. Some even attract sunset industries with heavy pollution and projects which are forbidden or restricted by regulation.Along with enhancement of environmental protection consciousness, people have known more and more profoundly the environmental problem in the international trade, but as to attracting foreign funds, people pay more attention to its positive effect on import-export, industrial promotion and economy development, and only recently several years scholars began to pay some attention to FDI and the sustainable development, the recycling economy and the environmental pollution problem, from which we can say this domain has enormous blank. This article selects this thesis and mainly researches on transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization. On the basis of theory and demonstration analysis, the article discusses the effect and governance based on environmental regulation angle, which thus has a more comprehensive understanding on the theory of FDI and provides instruction and reference for formulating policy or governing transnational pollution transfer based in the FDI utilization. The full text divides into six parts.The first part is Introduction. This part mainly introduces the background and significance of the research and the essays in and abroad in this domain, and then proposes the research angle, the research methods, the structure arrangement as well as the innovation and the difficulty of this article, The second part is academic research of transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization. This part firstly defines the transnational pollution transfer, which belongs to environmental pollution transfer's category and divides into transfer in the trade process and FDI utilization. Then this part analyses the characteristic, which is legality, concealment, convenience, and the nature of transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization, which is immoral, uneconomical, nonpersistent and low efficient. At last this part analyses the realization of transnational pollution transfer from economics angle, which includes three levels, the failure on the theory of international direct investment and industrial shift, government failure and market failure, and so profoundly recovers the economics reason how transnational pollution transfer realizes.The third part is demonstrating the transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization. This part analyses the businesses, industries and pollution-intensive industries that FDI invests, and then makes the conclusions that FDI mainly invests the second industry and the manufacturing industry in the second industry, but the second industry especially the manufacturing industry is high resource consuming and high pollution, and also most businesses in the second industry are pollution-intensive industries.The fourth part is the effect of transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization. First this part analyzes the effect of transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization on China's EKC curve, which is causing the line before the turning point to be steeper and delaying the appearance of the turning point. Then this part analyzes the effect of transnational pollution transfer on China's trade growth, which is causing the processing trade dominant and trade condition worse. Finally this part analyzes the effect of transnational pollution transfer on China's structure adjustment, which is causing the structure deviations and development disparity to enlarge and speeding up the processing industry.The fifth part is the governance of transnational pollution transfer in the FDI utilization from the environmental regulation angle. First this part researches the theory of environmental regulation's definition, aim, demand and so on. Then this part proposes the new criterion of the governance on transnational pollution transfer from the environmental regulation angle. Finally this part proposes concrete counter-measure of governance.The sixth part is conclusion. This part summarizes the content and the main conclusion of the whole article, the direction of further study and the good and bad points of the whole article.