Primary Study On The Two Healthcare Resources And Their Function Of The Main Scenic & Recreational Forests In Beijing

In this research, essential oil and negative air ion as two of the main healthcare resources and their function of the Scenic &Recreational Forest in Beijing were sdudied. Taking Pinus tabulaeformis forest, Platycladus orientalism forest, Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea forest and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrub as the research object, the concept and connotation of forestry healthcare resources was determined and its classification system was established. And then the main components and the healthcare effect of the essential oil from four species were identified by hydrodistillation and GC-MS. The antimicrobial actions of the essential oil were investigated by filter paper method. Moreover, the negative air ion concentration of four stands was classified referring to SGFA, and the diurnal and seasonal variation of the negative air ion concentration of four stands was analyzed. The difference of the negative air ion concentration of four stands was also discussed.The results were as follows:(1) Forestry healthcare resources were defined as all the biotic and abiotic factors in forest surroundings which have healthcare effect on human health. Acoording to the action site on human being, the forestry healthcare resources were classified to five categories based on taste, vision, auditory, semll and actile.(2) Among the essential oil from four species, the ratio of identified components to that of the total compensation was over 97% .There were 70 identified components in the essential oil from Platycladus orientalism and 63, 54, 53 in the essential oil from Pinus tabulaeformis, Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea forest and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla respectively. Most of them are terpine volatiles. The ratio of terpine volatiles to that of the total compensation from Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalism, Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla were 42.4%, 70.4%, 62.1% and 69.6% respesctivly.β- Caryophyllene and pinenes are the two main compounds, and a smaller amount of other monoterpines, limonene, myrcene, borneol acetate, germacrene D, phellandrene, muurolene, etc. According to relevant studies, these compounds all had antimicrobial ability and healthcare effect.(3) Classification of zones of inhibition showed that even though the Concentration was only 150mg/ml, all the essential oil from four species had obvious inhibition effect for six strains. And all the zones of inhibition were over 10 mm.The essential oil from four species inhibited bacteria well than fungi, especially the inhibition effect for Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was better than that for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. The essential oil from Platycladus orientalis had the best antimicrobial ability among four species and the zones of inhibition were up to 50 mm. There were no differences of inhibition effect for six strains within Pinus tabulaeformis, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea.The four species were suggested to be applied in the relevant zoon of forestry parks and scenic spots. Much more forest recreation should be developed in the Platycladus orientalis forest.(4) The Standard grade of forestry aerion was found more suitable for evaluating the negative air ion concentration of the scenic & recreational forest in Beijing.Appling the SGFA,the values of FCI of four stands in three seasons were all fromⅣgrade toⅡgrade which means the healthcare effect appeared.The general grade levels of negative air ion concentration of Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea forest and Platycladus orientalis forest were a little higher than that of Pinus tabulaeformis forest .The values of FCI of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrub was lowest.(5) The result of 24 hours monitoring in summer showed that: A double peak wave appeared in the diurnal variation of negative air ion concentration of four stands.There were two pieces of peak and two pieces of valley.The two pieces of peak often appeared respectively at the 22:00 and 04:00. The two pieces of valley often appeared respectively at midnight and 02:00. In general, the values of FCI of four stands in summer all reached over overⅣgrade .It meansed that the air quality of four stands in summer was good and was suitable for camping and forest recreation.(6)In one year, the negative air ion concentration of four stands in summer was highest, and that in autumn was second and that in spring was lowest. The seasonal variation of values of FCI was the same. Summer was tour peak season, and it was valuable for the high concentration of the negative air ion in four stands.(7) In general, Platycladus orientalis forest has absolute advantages in the essential oil, negative air ion concentration and inhibition effect, so they should be paied more attention in the construction of the scenic & recreational forest and forest recreation. As important broadleaf forest in Beijing, Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea forest also had good heathcare effect and should be greatly develoeted. Pinus tabulaeformis and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla had common heathcare effect.Major results of this thesis could actively promote the construction of the scenic & recreational forest and forest recreation in Beijing. It had begun to emphasize the research, the development and utilization of forestry heathcare resources in China. The relative researchers from fields of forerty and medicine science should strengthen cooperation; make systematic deep research on the healthcare resources and their function.and do good to the scientific development of forest recreation.