| Cunninghamia spp. is the mostly important plant in our country, it' s belong to Cunninghamia of Taxodiaceae. Cunninghamia Lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, was intituled to sha, shamu and china fir etc. In early Li Shizhen had recorded China fir pungented, minwetted, innocuity and cured tumefaction, its tegument cured tumefaction bleeded and charcoal burned;its leaf cured gout, bad teeth;its seed cured hernia etc. " and it has profound narrated the medicine function to every part of Cunninghamia Lanceolata (Lamb. ) Hook in the Compendium of Materia Medica. The a -cedrol was the major component accounting for 70% in the total essential oil of Cunninghamia Lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, and it has a-pinene, a -cedrene, a-terpineol, B-caryophyllene oxide etc,they have strongly aromatic- muskiness-perfume.It was designed to toilet powder, puff cake and rouge in cosmetics and soap, it has been to append fantastic essence by directly application.This experiment distills essential oil in the heartwood of Cunninghamia Lanceolata (Lamb. ) Hook. Essential oil of the heartwood was obtained from sawdust by steam distillation. The effects on extraction ration of ratio between solvents and materil and time were investigated by means of single factor and orthogonal experiment and the optimum extraction condition was determined. With the Essential oil of C. Lanceolata, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus sabtills, Salmonella typhi and some molds as expermented microbes, thecharacteristics of antimicrobial activity was studied by means of filter paper method and medicament mixed method. Essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS to identify the components. Following furthermore separation, five fractions of the heartwood essential oil of C. Lanceolata were obtained in wet installed silica-gal by silica-gal column chromatography.Five different extractions were washed by five different grads washed fluids in polanrity. Each extraction was examined with Thin Layer Chromatography and mixed the same components. Five different extractions was collected and was concentrated the least bulk with circumgyrate evaporator, and separated better purely separattions of essential oil of C. Lanceolata at last. Study the experimentation of antimicrobial bioactivity on the essential oil of C. Lanceolata with bioactivity track mensuration for guidance. They results indicated:1. The effect on extraction ration of ratio between solvents and raw material and time were greater . Steam distillation as solvent, the optimum extrction was: ratio between solvents and raw materil:7. 5:1, time: 1. 5h. At this condition, the extraction ration was 2.076%.2. The effect showed that the essential oil of C. Lanceolata has certainty antimicrobial activity. It has obvious antimicrobial effect to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli Bacillus sabtills and Salmonella typhi by concentration, and the good effect is Staphylococcus aureus>Bacillus sabtills>Salmonella typhi>Escherichia coli under 20% concentration. It has no effect to Aspergillus niger and Mucor. The MIC and MBC were 0.25mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sabtills, Salmonella typhi, but Escherichia coli was 0.5mg/ml.3. The essential oil of C. Lanceolata had wide pH active range. When base pH was 3 to 7, it had obviously antimicrobial function.4. The essential oil of C. Lanceolata had synergism with 20% sucrose and 5% salt respectively.5. Chemical constituents of essential oil from heartwood of C.Lanceolata was qualitative and quantitative analysed by GC and GC-MS,29 components have been identified in 47 peak. The principal constituents of the essential oil were Cedrol (76.27%), p-menth-1-en-8-ol, Epicedrol, Thujopsene-I3, 1-Cyclohexene,1, 3,3-trimethly-2-(1-methylbut-1-en-on-1-ly) They were constituented by terpene and terpene-oxide,and they were full-bodied fragrance based substances of essential oil of C. Lanceolata. 6. The extraction I and the extraction II has better antimicrobial activity than the homology concentration for diluted solution of the essential oil of C. L...
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