Research On Effects Of Environmental Hormone On The Hydro And Soil Animals Using Biomarkers

Nonylphenol ( NP ) is a nonionic surfactant, which is widely used in the industries of paper-making, rubber, plastics and cleanser, being intimate to our daily life. However, nonylphenol is a kind of endocrine disrupting chemicals, which can cause adverse effects to organisms. Therefore, understanding of its negative ecological effects has important realistic meanings to ecology protection and health maintenance of human beings. This study was designed to evaluate acute and chronic toxicities of NP to Common Carp and earthworm,.The part of experiments of Common Carp: acute toxicities mainly determine the LC₅₀ values of 96 hours NP to Common Carp, chronic toxicities mainly determine the effects of NP on the activity of SOD, CAT and GST in the liver, kidney, gill, muscle of Common Carp were studied, and the interaction mechanism was also investigated. The main results are as follows:The LC₅₀ values of 24, 48, 72, 96 hours NP to Common Carp are 1.580mg/L(1.659 mg/L～1.501 mg/L ), 1.045 mg/L(1.097 mg/L～0.993 mg/L ), 1.033 mg/L(1.085 mg/L～0.981 mg/L ), 0.995 mg/L(1.045 mg/L～0.945 mg/L ). The activities of CAT, SOD and GST of the Common Carp were changed obviously after expose of NP. For the groups treated with the same concentration but different time(5h,1d,3d,6d,10d,15d ), the activities of CAT increased initially and then decreased, except for the activities of CAT in the liver and the activities of SOD and GST also increased initially and then decreased, except for the kidney. For the groups treated with the same time but different concentrations(1/10 LC₅₀,1/6LC₅₀,1/4LC₅₀,1/2LC₅₀), the activities of CAT and GST increased initially and then decreased with concentrations, the activities of SOD increased with concentrations.Through the results of acute and chronic toxicities experiment show that CAT, SOD and GST could be used as early warning indicators and the Biomarkers of the Common Carp which were damaged by Nonylphenol.The part of experiments of earthworm: acute toxicities mainly determine the LC₅₀ values of 96 hours NP to earthworm, chronic toxicities mainly determine the effects of NP on the activity of SOD, CAT and GST in earthworm were studied, and the interaction mechanism was also investigated. The main results are as follows:The LC₅₀ values of 96 hours NP to earthworm is 0.908μg/cm² (0.953μg/cm²ï½ž0.863μg/cm² ). The activities of CAT, SOD and GST of the earthworm were changed obviously after expose of NP. For the groups treated with the same concentration but different time(1d,2d,3d,4d,5d,6d), the activities of CAT, SOD and GST increased initially and then decreased. For the groups treated with the same time but different concentrations(1/5 LC₅₀,1/3 LC₅₀,1/2 LC₅₀ ), the activities of CAT and GST increased initially and then decreased with concentrations, the activities of SOD increased with concentrations.Through the results of acute and chronic toxicities experiment show that CAT, SOD and GST could be used as early warning indicators and the Biomarkers of the earthworm which were damaged by NP. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate( DEHP ) is one kind of artificial plasticizing agent which is widely applied around the word to improve the plasticity of plastic at present. DEHP has badly polluted and imperiled the environment and the ecological system because of its large output, long history of its application and hard to degrade by physical and chemical method. This study was designed to evaluate toxicities of DEHP to earthworm,.Chronic toxicities mainly determine the effects of DEHP on the activity of SOD, CAT and GST in earthworm were studied, and the interaction mechanism was also investigated. The main results are as follows:For the groups treated with the same concentration but different time(1d,2d,3d,4d,5d,6d ), the activities of CAT, SOD and GST increased initially and then decreased. For the groups treated with the same time but differentconcentrations(1μg/cm²,10μg/cm²,100μg/cm²), the activities of CAT and GST increased initially and then decreased with concentrations, the activities of SOD increased with concentrations.Through the results of chronic toxicities experiment show that CAT, SOD and GST could be used as early warning indicators and the Biomarkers of the earthworm which were damaged by DEHP.