Economical Analysis Of Water Resources Protection System

Water resource is indispensable to the development of human society and the survival of human beings. In June, 1997, the second summit meeting of UN hold in New York advanced the issue of water resources for the first time and addressed the warning that "regional water resources crises is a omen of global water resources crises." On the summit meeting on the Sustainable Development which was hold in Johannesburg, water resources was listed the first of the five issues of global sustainable development, which reflects the extreme importance of water to the survival of human beings and to the development. Global water deficiency is a prominent problem that perplexing the development of global economy and a restrict condition of sustainable development. It is a constant target that countries are pursuing in the field of water exploitation and usage to effectively utilize water resources and perfect water resources protection system.China is a country with shortage of water resources and frequent flood and drought. With the increase of population urbanization and industrialization, the usage of water will increase greatly. Traditional water protection system in China has many problems. Unclear water ownership directly influences the water ownership transfer and therefore restricts the effectiveness in deploying water resources.China deploys and administrates water resources through administrative methods, emphasis the publicity of water resources and forbidden water resources ownership transfer in law, which restricted the development of water market in China. With the economical development of society and the market reform, the contradiction of need and demand of water aggravates and the need of allocating water resources by water ownership transfer and market becomes more intense. However, meanwhile relative adjust and regulation are not established. therefore it give the water informal transactions or transactions in disgusted forms a developing space which will weaken the position of water resources of the country and not propitious to the macroscopic readjustment and control. Water resources scarcity is seemingly the resources deficiency but in fact is the system deficiency. To solve the water resources deficiency, reform and innovation in existed protection system is necessary.This essay introduce the recent situation of China's water resources and then analysis the water ownership system, water market system and water regulation system in economic aspect. The paper also referee to foreign experiences in water regulation and advanced some advices in reforming water protection system in China.In the first part, the economic feature of water resources and the recent situation of chinese water resources were introduced. As resources that have economic value, water resources have the economic features of scarcity, irreplaceable and reproducibility. The recent situation of Chinese water resources can be summarizes as follows: insufficient in general volume, uneven distribution, serious waste in use, severe water loss and soil erosion and serious water resources pollution.Part two is the overview of Chinese water resources protection system. In this part the author analyzes the essence, function of the system, discoursed the development of water resources protection in China. Water resources protection has a long history in China since feudal society. In the past dynasties, water conservancy was emphasized. There were large scale of water conservation programs, detailed water legislation, water regulation systems etc. In order to reinforce the regulation of water resources, the state attaches importance to legislation in water resources field and established a series of water resources conservation laws.Part Three is the economical analysis of water ownership system, water market system, and efficiency of water regulation system. Water regulation and water market system are specificity analyzed. In the aspect of water regulation, the article analyzes the water need regulation policy by analyzing water for industrial and agriculture purpose and water for life, and introduced the encourage policy in water resources reservation including water usage permission system, water use with compensation, quota and gross volume control.In part four, concludes the experiences of water resources regulation systems in America, French, Japan, and Australia as: water resources regulation should be backed by complete legislation system, reinforce the regulation of water ownership system, reinforce the power of adjusting and control of government; encourage public to participate in water resources protection.In part five, based on previous analysis of water resources protection system and foreign experience in water resources regulation, the author advanced some advices in improving the water resources protection in the field of legislation,economy.Including further complete "water law of the People's Republic of China", complete the water resources transaction law, improve water ownership law, and improve water market regulation.In the end is the conclusion. China is now facing the severe scarcity and waste of water resources. The issue of water resources has become the major problem that restricts the national economy development and sustainable development of the society. We should establish and perfect the protection system according to the unique character of water resources and put them into full play to safeguard the survival of human being and promote the development of the society.