Research On The Conservation And Vegetation Rehabilitation Techniques Of Mangrove Wetlands Ecosystem In Lei Zhou Peninsula, China

Lei Zhou Peninsula is located in the southwest Guangdong province. It is one of the three large Peninsula in China. It is well-known for its thundery weather. It has 1,500km long coastline faces the ocean waters from three directions, and inching mudflats suitable for mangroves covers around 20,000ha. It is one of the main important mangrove areas in a China.Field investigations and data researches indicate that the Lei Zhou Peninsula mangroves area has l,240,000ha at present .It accounts for 78 per cent of all the Guangdong mangrove area. It accounts for 33 per cent of all the China mangrove area. It is one of the biggest mangrove areas in China. Zhanjiang Mangrove Reserve has 26 mangrove plant species belonging to 16 families.The mangrove marsh ecosystem in Zhanjiang are among the most diversity rich and economic important areas, and also form one of the important parts of coastal sheltering protection forest systems. It is highly significant to protect the mangroves to improve the coastal ecological environment, and ensure a sustainable economic development of the coastal zone.But due to some objective reasons in historic cognition, the mangrove has been constantly subjected to the direct or indirect damage by human activities, such as the local masses fell mangrove plants as fuel; reclaiming land from the sea and enclosing tideland for cultivation; engineering construction; marine pollution; etc. As a result of which, its distributional region and area are continuously dwindling with only small scattered areas of mangrove left. Moreover, the appearance and structure of the mangrove has tended to be simplified. The excessive felling of mangrove has resulted in an unbalanced coastal ecology, increase of disasters and destruction of fisheryresources. Weak ecological environment, small environment capacity and low threshold value to anti-disturbance from outside. The mangrove vegetation rehabilitation in the Leizhou Peninsula has become one of the most difficult problems. In order to improve the ecological environment of the Leizhou Peninsula areas, the most important measure is to rehabilitation mangrove forest vegetation.In the basis of these facts, some experiments were carried out in the Leizhou Peninsula Zhanjiang National Nature Reserve, including the provenance screening and fertilization of the main mangrove species of Bruguiera gylmnorrhiza. The key results are reported as follows:(l)In order to confirm the differences of genetic and ecological adaptabilities of Bruguiera gylmnorrhiza from different areas, a provenance screening trial of B. gylmnorrhiza was carried out. Results showed that all the differences in survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass between 7 provenances after 4a reached to significant or highly significant levels. As the best one among these provenances, the survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass of Hainan Qiongshan provenance were 89.5%, 1.45m,4.67cm and 1.35kg per tree respectively, and which were 5.1%,18.1%,8.9%,6.1% higher than those of the local Zhanjiang provenance. Therefore, the Hainan Qiongshan provenance was the first choice for the planting of B. gylmnorrhiza in Zhanjiang.(2)Through fertilization experimental schemes on the cultivation of B. gylmnorrhiza plant in high tide flat and middle tide flat, make a initial approach to the mangrove vegetation seedling growing apply fertilizer for cavern fertilization is feasible. Moreover, this fertilization experimental effect is effectual. After 70 day of the fertilization experimental, seedlings average growing 7.1cm, and which were 66% higher than CK seedling average growing, After 170 day of the fertilization experimental, seedlings average growing 14.1cm, and which were 91% higher than CK seedling average growing. Try to find the best fertilization schemes is NsoPgoKis for B. gylmnorrhiza plant.(3)This paper presents a rational scheme for mangrove vegetation restoration onthe Leizhou peninsula, that enhance the broad masses consciousness and enthusiasm for the conservation of mangrove through widespread propaganda and education especially; the strength of all the various aspects is mobilized to firstly check the damage to and continuous deterioration of mangrove and its eco-environment by taking practical and effective measures in light of the reality, national conditions and objective natural laws then to create conditions for the restoration of mangrove ecology by applying hi-tech means and, through efforts made for a period of time, to build all the coastal zone suited to the growth of mangrove into the mangrove forest belt so as to bring into play the high productivity if mangrove and its capacities of preventing disaster and maintaining the coastal agricultural land, aquiculture and safety of people, livestock and property, as well as the ecological, economic and social benefits of the mangrove. It will provide a technical support and scientific basis for the Integrated Mangrove Management and Coastal Protection.