Studies On The Ecological Vulnerability Of Wetland Ecosystem And Its Conservation Strategies In Dashanbao

The wetland is the Ecological environment with special structure and functions, it's variety functions are just like a gene storehouse to protect the diversify of species and heredity in nature. Dashanbao wetland is now a wetland ecosystem, which is the highest subalpine marshy meadow in our country. It lies on the moving road of the migratory bird; It is the habitat for so many rare or in imminent danger birds to stop for the rest and live through the cold winter. So protecting Dashanbao has it's own special meanings.However, because of the earlier exploit activities were lack of sciences proof and a well-conceived plan, our human beings activities made a big difference to the balance of the wetland ecosystem, they also led to the aggravate of vulnerability.Dashanbao wetland lies in Dashanbao village, northwest of Zhaotong city in Yunnan province .It belongs the Dashanbao national nature protection area of Grus nigricollis. It's total area is 19200hm. The area is the highest subalpine marshy meadow and there are some black neck cranes which live here for living through the cold winter. The protected area covers about 3150hm subalpine marshy meadow wetland, it is one of the nine pieces of the important national wetland that were approved by the National Wetland Convention Bureau in 2005. Dashanbao is the important eco-defense of Yangzi River system, and is also a key habitat for black neck cranes living through the winter in YunGui highland. It offers a well environment for one-sixths Grus nigricollis in the world. At present, so many scholars has made a certain a series of investigation and study in Dashanbao protected area including different fields .The achievements are focusing on the protection of the Grus nigricollis, rescuing distribution and so on. But there was no research about the vulnerability of wetland ecosystems.This paper took the method by connecting the study of the theory with practice investigation, qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis on the assessment of the vulnerability of wetland ecosystems. By consulting expert, studying the characteristics and causes of vulnerability analysis about Dashanbao wetland ecological, determining evaluation criteria, We used the method of AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) identifying the target weight to obtain the data on Dashanbao Wetland ecosystem vulnerability assessment. By using the statistical methods (the author made) to analyze, we clarified the relevant factors about Dashanbao wetland ecosystem vulnerability, then verified this method with composite index. We have a comprehensive study about Dashanbao wetland ecological fragility of the situation and characteristics. What we have done is to discuss protection proposals and measures to reduce the vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland degree. Main conclusions are as follows:The paper conducts an assessment about the vulnerability of wetland ecosystems in recent 5years by the method of mathematical statistics. The result shows that from 2002 to 2006 the vulnerability of wetland ecosystems in Dashanbao has turned from mid-vulnerability to lighter one, and now it is in the better eco-quality situation. But it also can be seen, Dashanbao wetland is facing the problem of water shortages, water pollution in living areas, degradation of swamp and so on, human disturbance is becoming the major factor to threat and destructing the habitat of the original wetland. Any unreasonable use of wetland development model will lead to the shrinkage of wetlands, aggravate the vulnerability of wetland eco-environment. In the relations of protection, restoration and development, we should give full consideration of vulnerability to Dashanbao wetland eco-environment.The good situation of Dashanbao wetland ecological depends on the esteblishing of Dashanbao natural reserver, backward of Traffic conditions, develops stagnant of industrial and agricultural, alsoreduced the human from interferencing the wetlands on a certain extent. From Dashanbao wetland actual situation, we should view the series of issues such as the use and protect of wetland from the perspective of combining the natural and social sciences. To promote wetland protection, we should work from multi-angle and level approach, enhance the people's environmental awareness, establish a new coordination mechanism by combining conservation and community development.Dashanbao wetland is not only the eco-environment core of Dashanbao natural reserver, but also the center of eco-tourism activities and support in entire Dashanbao, so the area designed of Dashanbao wetland should promote the protection of wetlands, coordinate relations between the wetland protection and sustainable.From the dynamic evaluation in the study of Dashanbao wetland ecosystem vulnerability, we can understand the characteristics and trends clearly and intuitively, diagnosing the wetland ecosystem destruct, degradating the degree, providing conservation strategies and management proposals to reduce the degree of vulnerability. We believe our study can provide a scientific basis for restorating, protecting, planning and managing the wetland ecological environment .It can also prevent the wetland ecological functions from subsiding effectively. We hope to provide some scientific and rational protection to make good use of wetland resources. At the same time, it can also be a typical case to study of alpine marsh wetland ecosystem vulnerability, which promoting the protection of the plateau wetland ecosystem.