| Water is one of control factors for mataining the development of human society and scological system. As a strategic economic resource, it has an important effect on national power. Since the 20* century, human's water demand has been larger. With the increase of the world's population and economic development, water environment has also deterioriated.Human recognization of the water environment problem has experienced a tortuous process and paid out much for it. The DianChi of KunMing in China, after the limpidness of 7000 years, the pollution of the recent 30 years has induced the the water quality lower than the V standard of the surface water quality. The process from the non-harnessing pollution in industrial age to the harness of drainage pipe hole and the programming of watershed controllment embodies the deepness of the recognization of the water environment problem.With the rapid development of industry, water pollution has become a hot and difficult problem, and it has been troubling the government and the related departments. The simple political strategies are obviously not enough. It is realistic and urgent to explore new theories and methods for the continuous harnessing of water resources.This paper is guided by the knowledge of the multi-disciplines. After summarizing and analyzing the present condition and achievement, we established the corresponding mathematic model, calculated the maximum drainage of the water pollutants and calculated the pollutants decrease according to the environmental demand of the water function of the government, all of these are based on the survey of the pollutant and the evaluation of the water quality. In order to enable the water function satisfying the environment standard, this paper discussed the comprehensive measures from the angle of the harnessing of water resource and protection of water environment, and tried to realize the unification of the economical benefit, environmental benefit and the social benefit.(I) Through the water quality evaluation of Futuan River, this paper concluded that Rizhao Reservoir section and Futuan bridge section are limpid, and all the quotas satisfy the standard, while the pollution of the DaGuzhen section is serious. Many items exceeded the standard and the lower reaches of the Futuan river is beyond the environmental capacity.(2) After analyzing the reasons of the deterioration of water quality, we draw the following conclusions: The increase of the population and the economy bring the huge pressure on watershed; The industrial structure is not reasonable and the high pollution and low production departments develop rapidly; The speed of urbanization is relatively rapid and the drainage is larger; the surface of source pollution is serious; The handling rate of drainage is relatively low; The economic strategy fail to work effectively; we need to strengthen the ecological protection.(3) According to the current state of Futuan River, we discussed the reasonable research methods, namely: After analyzing the reason of the water pollution in this watershed, estimating the drainage, and calculating the capacity of this river according to the character of the watershed, we proposed the reasonable strategies and methods.(4) In order to improve the water quality of Futuan River by 2010 and satisfy the requirement of water function, we probed in the comprehensive harnessing measures. It mainly included the following four main points:Firstly, the adjustment measures of industrial structure. The industrial structure in this watershed is not reasonable. This paper adjusted the industrial structure by using the multi-objective optimization method. After the optimization, we can ensure the increase of the economy and the decrease of the drainage of COD.Secondly, the control of industrial pollution sources. In order to solve the pollution problem, we should combine the pollution harnessing with the adjustment of industrial structure, the technical improvement of enterprises and the implement of clean production.Third... |
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