Premilinary Research Of Herbicidal Activity Of Datura Stramonium

To discover novel plant-derived products with pesticidal properties is an important wayto creat new pest-management agents.It is an obvious advantage to research botanicalpesticides in western of china for its abundant plant resources.The insectcidal activities of1000 plant sepecies in this area have been screened by the Research and Development Centerof Biorational Pesticide,the allelopathy of 200 kinds of plants have been tested preliminarysome high allelopathy activities plant samples have been filtered. On this groundwork,theherbicidal activity of 40 species plant samples were studided premilinary.providedgroundwork for further research the botanical herbicide.Datura stramonium L. was selectedfor herbicidal activity and constituent research.Primary results were as follows: 1. The herbicidal activity of 40 plant species were tested with the seeds of Amaranthusretroflexus Medicagos sativa Avena fatua and Amaranthus paniculatus ,the resultsshowed that under the concentration of dry sample 1g/ml,the inhibiting rates ofD.stramonium M.charantia M.verticillata R.communis C.ophiocarpa A.sibiricaK.foliatum C.setosum A.scoparia and C.cernuum were more than 75% not only to youngroots but also to young buds of the 4 kinds of seeds tested. D.stramonium R.communis andC.cernuum had high inhibitions to Amaranthus retroflexus and Avena fatua.Resourcedistributing study actuality and future application were considered, D.stramonium wasselected for herbicidal activity study detailed. 2. The active ingredients of extracts of D.stramonium have been separated withbioassay-direction.The D.stramonium tested were extracted with alcohol based on relateddocuments,the residues was divided three parts:alkaloid,n-Budanol residue and Chloroformresidue.the alkaloid part was separated with column chromatography and TLC etcmethods,have separated one compound. 3. Guided by bioassy of herbicidal activity,one constituent was isolated fromD.stramonium named S1,the structure S1 was identified as Hyoscymine by spectroscopicmethods. 4. The herbicidal activity of extracts of D.stramonium were tested.The results showedunder the concentration of 1.2mg/ml, The alkaloid parts has high inhibition to Veronicadidyma C.glaucum Eclipta prostrata L. Medicagos sativa Avena fatua etc , theinhibition rates to young roots and young buds were more than 75%.under the concentrationof 2mg/ml,the n-Butanol residue has high inhibition to Avena fatua Amaranthus paniculatusand Veronica didyma.the inhibition rates to young roots and young buds were more than 75%. 5. The herbicidal activity of the crystalloid from alkaloid were tested .under theconcentration of 1.2mg/ml, the crystalloid has some inhibition to Veronica didymaAmaranthus retroflexus and Medicagos sativa,the inhibition rates to yong roots were morethan 60%.It has high inhibition to Veronica didyma,the inhibition rate to root was morethan 90%. 6. The antifungal activity of the alkaloid parts and n-Butanol residue were tested on somephytopathology fungi including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum de Baryetc.under the concentration of 1.2mg/ml,the alkaloid parts showed obvious inhibiting effect invitro on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum de Bary, the inhibiting rates was 100%.