| Oil is an important energy resource, but China is prolific high pour point crude oil .It has brought great difficulties to oil exploration and transportation because the flow property of crude oil is not good.So it has an important role in the conservation of oil resources and improving the safety of pipeline to reduce the pour point of crude oil and to improve the mobility of crude oil.Now adding the chemical pour point depressant (PPD)to the crude is a cost-effective method to reduce the pour point of crude oil and add a small amount of pour point depressant can achieve an effective effect. In this paper, the main focus on the synthesis and the compounding of crude oil PPD.There are three stages during the experiment. The first stage is focus on the synthesis of methacrylic acid ester 16 and methacrylic acid ester 18.These two long-chain alkyl esters are important monomers to synthesize crude oil pour point depressant. The two kinds of ester are high purity and the product yield can reach 85% and or more in using solvent esterification system.The second stage is the aggregation of PPD. At this stage eight classes pour point depressant has been made by changing the reaction of raw materials.Through the additives experiment, pour point depressants were selected for the Liaohe A Liaohe B crude oil.Liaohe A and B suitable crude oil PPD have been synthesized by changing the conditions such as reactants, initiator amount,time of polymerization and so on. A fine synthesis conditions of the PPD for Liaohe A crude oil were: Methyl acrylic acid long-chained alcohol esters, styrene, maleic anhydride according to a certain molar ratio. The quality of initiator BPO is 1.0% of the total monomer quality.The reaction temperature is 80℃and the reaction time is 7 hours. The DBM4 PPD can make Liaohe A crude oil's freezing point reduced by 6 degrees.There are two pour point depressant for Liaohe B crude oil.They are DD and DM. The synthesis conditions of fine chemicals pour point depressant DD is initiator BPO quality of 0.8% of the total monomer and it three times a join.The reaction temperature is 85℃.The reaction time is 6 hours.The pour point depressant of DD can make the Liaohe B oil's freezing point reduced by 5 degrees.The conditions for synthesis of fine chemicals of PPD of DM: Methyl methacrylate-carbon ester and maleic anhydride according to a certain molar ratio, initiator BPO quality is 0.8% of the total monomer and it three times a join, the reaction temperature is 85℃and the reaction time is 5 hours.The DM can make the Liaohe B oil freezing point reduced by 4 degrees. The third stage compound for the PPD phase. There are many ways to compound Pour point depressant. The mainly mixed methods are depressant and surface-active agent compound,PPD and PPD compound, PPD compound with polar compounds. The better pour point depressant compound with gemini surfactants can make crude oil Liaohe A freezing point lower 9℃. DD and DM of crude oil pour point depressant compound can make the crude oil Liaohe B's pour point to reduce 8℃. It can be found by experiment that compound the pour point depressant can increase the pour point depression and the effect is better than a single PPD.And different PPD applied to the different crude oil.Because the composition of crude oil is complex.It can only be determined through experiments which PPD applicable to each type of crude oil .
|
PDF Full Text Request