The Characteristics And Prevetion Of Geologcial Hazaders In The Key Areas Of Coal Mining Of The Northern Shaanxi

This article takes YuShenFu mining area which is key areas of coal mining in the northern Shaanxi as study area. On the basis of collecting materials of several fields such as hydrology, geology, environment, this paper studies characteristics and prevention of geological disasters combined with the characteristics of coal resources in the study area. Main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) This passage analyzed and summarized seriously geological conditions and characteristics including topography geology, engineering geology, hydrogeology, and environmental geology in YuShenFu mining area. On this basis, it analyzed development features of five kinds of geological hazards which are collapse, landslide, debris flow, ground subsidence and unstable slopes. The development features includes frequency, size, spatial distribution, type composition and harmful levels.(2) Based on the characteristics of this area, this paper analyzed and elaborated formation mechanism of five kinds of geological hazards with typical instance deeply and specificly in the study area. On this basis, it proposed impact factors of the development of geological disasters. The main impact factors of the development of collapse, landslide, and debris flow are topography and slope morphology, lithology, tectonic movement, human engineering activities and natural factors such as meteorological, hydrological, etc. The main impact factors of the development of ground subsidence are from two aspects. The one hand, impact factors come from the characteristics of coal resources in the study area such as depth, loose thickness, fault, dip, etc. On the other hand, impact factors come from mining design conditions such as mining time, mining intensity, and mining height.(3) The study used qualitative and quantitative methods to divide the study area to several regions with MAPGIS as a platform. The results show that there are 11 high-prone areas, 12 medium-prone areas, 8 low-prone areas and 3 no-developed areas. This study drawn map of prone areas and assessed the characteristics of every level area including range, area, type, quantity, and spatial distribution.(4) Based on these results, the essay presents different types of engineering measures for slope and ground subsidence type of geological disasters respectively. As the same time it presents management techniques and measures of prevention and control of geological disasters from the macro perspective.