| The attention paid to the ocean resource has been running up in the world field after The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea came into effect in 1994. Lots of countries have introduced ocean policy, delineated ocean areas under national jurisdiction, and implemented the ocean resources development and international competition. China also introduced a number of ocean policy, established our territorial areas, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone and regulated the ocean resources development activities. China's ocean policy is facing lots of problems. It is still in a low level as a whole, imperfect in the contents, has deficient in the process, and too conservative in the international competition.Based on domestic and international environment of ocean resource policy, this paper studies china's ocean resource policy system on the mode of "system - problem - reconstruction" , discovers the problems existing in the system and analyzes possible causes for the problems. The aim of this study is to provide policy support for using ocean and implementing ocean management. For those reasons, the study of this paper has a very important practical significance.The paper uses the methods of systems analysis, comparative analysis literature analysis and expert-based evaluation, utilizes theories the public policy and ocean management to analyze china's ocean policy system.First, this paper studies the basic framework of ocean policy system. In this part, the paper classifies the ocean policy according to the three standards that is scientific policy principles, content and the process, constructs the policy system in three different dimensions, and builds up the basic framework of the policy system of ocean resources by integrating the three dimensions.Second, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the ocean resource policy system and their possible causes. The conclusion of this analyze include: low level of policy in vertical system, the absence of specific policies in horizontal system, deficient in the process. In this part, the paper analyzes the causes of these problems, and finds out that the weakness of ocean awareness, lagging behind of ocean management system falling behind of ocean technology, underdevelopment of ocean economy, and intensity of policy environment are main causes. The paper also put forward the conception of policy range by meriting the conception of management rangeThis article also systemizes the existing U.S. ocean policy and summers up the advantages of U.S. ocean policy system. The advantages include: high level of policy in vertical system, Comprehensive specific policies in horizontal system, and well running in the process. The enlightenments to our system constructing are speeding up the introduction of ocean policy, establishing ocean policy and enhance the policy content construction, and improving the process of operating mechanism.In the end, the paper proposes that we should revise the "the Constitution" and introduce the basic ocean policy in the vertical system, enhance the integrative ocean policy and international competition policy in horizontal systems, and optimize the running mechanism in the process system to reconstruct the ideal system of ocean resources policy system.Through the whole study, the paper builds up the three-dimensional structure of ocean resource policy system. Based on the system, the paper analyzes the problems existing in present policy, and reconstructs china's ocean resource policy system to provide policy support for reasonable development of our oceans resource and the implementation of integrated ocean management... |
