| It becomes more and more difficult to exploit new genus of microorganisms for novel bioactive substances, as the mass exploitation and application of the terricolous microorganisms, such as antibiotic, enzyme, enzyme inhibitor, and polysaccharose, ect. Therefore, it tends to turn the research focus to the marine resources, as a treasury of research and development. As the preconditon of the exploitation of marine microorganisms, it developed rapidly of the study of marine bacteria diversity. Especially as the development of molecular biology and the computer application technology, the research of marine microorganisms'diversity can be carried out without cultured, which lead the study of marine microorganisms to a new stage.The genus diversity and the enzyme system for metabolism of marine anaerobic bacteria are of great difference to that of marine aerobic bacteria, there secondary metabolites might be of difference theoretically, which provides the theoretical foundation for searching bioactive substances with novel functions and structures.58 strains of marine anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the marine sediments and seawater collected in northern China sea (the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Bohai Sea), which showed potent toxicity against brine shrimp. 32 strains of the marine anaerobic bacteria showed obvious toxicity against brine shrimp. The partial sequences of 16S rDNA gene of 45 of the isolates were submitted to NCBI GenBank and assigned the accession numbers from GU370077 to GU370121. The phylogenetic tree suggested that all strains isolated belong to the genus Clostridium, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodobium, Rhodovulum and Marinobacter.A photosynthetic bacteria, P440 (3), isolated from the sea area around Changhai Town, was studied on its activity metabolities, and purification and identification of compounds. One compound was isolated and its structure was identified by MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and its DEPT, HMBC, COSY data as thymidine.
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