Evaluation On Ecological Damage Of Vegetation Of Ulagai Wetland And Steppe In Inner Mongolia

At present, vegetation is serious degradation in Ulagai wetland of Inner Mongolia. The project according to the geography in Ulagai Basin divided into upper, middle, middle and lower reaches and lower reaches. We investigated vegetation in 2008-2009.before we comprehensively evaluate the extent of degradation using the vegetation ecological evaluation and evaluation of production performance. Mean while we discussed the reasons of vegetation degradation in Ulagai wetland. The major findings are as follows:1.The evaluation results of vegetation landscape ecology showed that Ulagai wetland can be divided into four major landscape types of native vegetation, separately rivers, lakes, beaches, wetlands. The current studies showed that there were three types, lakes wetlands landscape was disappeared, middle downstream and downstream was extremely severe degradation, lakes wetlands and wetlands has been disappeared. compare to Vegetation survey of 2009 and the Prairie Census steppe Category in1984, Ulagai River upstream and midstream are same basically , middle downstream and downstream were reduced 2-4, degradation type was increased 2 in 2009. It was significantly degrade in middle downstream and downstream.2.The results of Vegetation community characteristics evaluation showed, It was significantly different or very significant difference that vegetation total coverage, community average important value in Ulagai Wetland. Ulagai grassland vegetation degradation was lighter than wetland vegetation.3.The number of plant of middle downstream and downstream in Ulagai Wetland is lower than upstream and midstream obviously. perennial grasses proportion of upstream is higher than middle downstream and downstream and annual herb proportion is lower than middle downstream and downstream obviously; Hygrophyte plants and aquatic plants have been reduced or disappeared heavy in middle downstream and downstream, dry plant proportion of middle downstream and downstream is higher than upstream and midstream. the part of serious desertification have arisen super-xeric plant (Nitraria sibirica Pall. ) and a lot of annual salt plant (Suaeda) in middle downstream and downstream.It indicated that degradation was very serious in downstream and middle downstream wetland.4.The analysis of soil of surface physical and chemical properties in Ulagai Basin showed: soil pH values were alkaline and highly alkaline in Wetland vegetation types, The degree of salinity in middle downstream and downstream, middle downstream and downstream (bare land) formatted abundant sand source. nutrtional content of soil of surface is serious decline in middle downstream and downstream.5.According to the grassland production performance facility evaluation criteria, it has established the wetland production performance facility evaluation criteria and improved to evaluation system. As a result of the evaluation, the production performance of upstream and midstream in the Ulagai wetlands and grassland community are apparently higher than that of downstream and middle downstream .The difference between wetlands is larger than grasslands .Compare to the production of wetland and degradation of vegetation in the primitive has reduced obviously.6.It evaluate the ecology performance of the wetland and grassland vegetation community in Ulagai river by the grassland production performance facility evaluation criteria.As the result,the downstream and middle downstream are lower than upstream and middle upperstream.The ecological damage is larger than grass vegetation obviously.7.The study display that the wetland vegetation in Ulagai has degradated over the past decade.The main reason of the ecological damage is not climate change ,but is man-made factors reduced.