Study On The Distribution And Species Diversity Of Butterflies In Changbai Mountain

In this paper, by path-collection-method, the author investigated the butterflies in five different vertical distribution zones of Changbai Mountain, deciduous forests, coniferous-deciduous forests, coniferous forests, erman's birch forests and alp tundra zone from1992 to 2009, added up the species and amounts of butterflies in different vertical distribution zones and those of different months in coniferous-deciduous forests , then identified and listed the species with scientific name. The five indicators is used to analyze the diversity of butterflies community, that is Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′), Pielou uniformity index(J), Simpson predominance centralization index(C), Margalef abundance index(E)and Jaccard similarity coefficients analysis, the results are shown as follows.(1)In five vertical distribution zones, a total of 9641 species of butterflies had been collected, belonging to 7 families, 98 genera and 196 species. Of these specimens, from the number of specimens to analyze, Nymphalidae is the most, it is the proportion of 45.28%, from the the number of species to analyze, Nymphalidae is the most also, it is the proportion of 34.18%, from the number of genera to analyze, Lycaenidae is the most, it is the proportion of 31.63%, Nymphalidae is 25.52 percent, so Nymphalidae is an advantageous family, and Libythaeidae is a rare family.(2)With the increase of altitude, the genera and species of butterflies is gradually reduced, deciduous forests is the most, it contains 93 genera and 165 species; alp tundra zone is the least, it contains 19 genera and 26 species.(3)Within the four indexes of butterflies community, H′and E are basically the same trend, while the opposite changs in C,and J does not change significantly.(4)In the five vertical distribution zones, there are 4 families and 16species in common, the results of similarity coefficients analysis demonstrate that the difference among the different zones is big, the similarity coefficients between deciduous forests and coniferous-deciduous forests is the biggest, it is 0.651; the similarity coefficients between deciduous forests and alp tundra zone is the smallest, it is 0.141. These results also indicate that the diversity of butterfly community is related to altitude and climate conditions in Changbai Mountain.