| Aiby Lake is one of the most important parts of wetland in Xinjiang. The eco-environmental problem appears. In past 50 years, with the population explosion, improper development and utilization of water resources, the increasing demands on land resources, eco-environment of Aiby Lake problems are getting worse and natural disasters occurs frequently. The changed surface of lake is the consolidated result of environmental change. It leads the further problems on regional eco-environment, which don't only threatens the entire ecological security of Aiby basin, but also become serious threat to the economic belt of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains` ecological and sustainable development of economic. Aiby Lake region is located in the ecologically fragile zone and the landscape transition zone. There are various types of landscape and biota in this region, which plays a sensitive and instructive role during the change of the regional environment. The dynamics changes of the regional landscape are acute. It is important reflection of the regional changes during the process of global change impact. By study on changes of the landscape pattern of this region with the perspective of landscape ecology, eco-environmental problems and causation can be found as well as the developing trend. It provides constructive comments on economic development and ecological construction in the future. Also, it offers scientific reference for researches on similar areas.Aiby Lake region is selected as a study area in this article, which is based on the LANDSAT TM and ETM Image of Aiby Lake region in 1990 and 2001, the relevant professional maps, field survey datum, the geographic information system with using the software ENVY4.4 and ARC/GIS9.2, to get vectorgraph of landscape type distribution. Aiby Lake region are divided into 7 categories, including arable land, woodland, grassland, water, industrial and residential land and Gobi. According to the characteristics of the study area and the requirements of research, primary indicators of landscape metrics are selected, such as number of patches, total area, landscape area, percentage of landscape, the diversity index, dominance index, evenness index, richness, fractal dimension index, patch density, landscape shape index and edge density. The landscape indexes are figured out by analyzing on the attribute data of the landscape classification map with the FRAGSTATS software. It is analyzed of the dynamic changes of landscape structure of Aiby Lake region in this article. By studying the database of the agriculture group in the region from 1990-2001 and principal component analysis from the SPSS statistical analysis software as well as analysis on driving force of landscape changes, it is believed that human factors are the main driving force in Aiby Lake region landscape dynamic during the period studied. It draws conclusions as follows.The landscape pattern changed a lot between the years 1990-2001.Unused land is the matrix of Aiby Lake. It has 42.3% growth in number of patches. All the plaque area grew, except grass patches. Arable land, forest land, industrial and residential land has changed in a large range.In the study area, landscape diversity and uniformity increased, but dominance decreased. Landscape types tended to diversity, the development of uniformity. The degree of landscape fragmentation has strengthened, human disturbance on the landscape enhanced.In the period of the study area, population, economic development, industrial and agricultural production and other man-made factors is considered the main driving force of the landscape pattern changes.
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