Studies On Braconidae And Aphidiidae From Five Provinces In Northweast Of China

This paper is based upon the examination of 15242 specimens mainly collected by sweeping from Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang Provinces, in northweast of China. 9 subfamiles 46 genera of Braconidae and 8 genera of Aphidiidae are recognized and illustrated.The paper comprises 3 parts: General account, analyzing of bio-diversity index and Taxonomic part. In general part, the taxonomic history, morphology, biology, host records and the utilization for biological concrol. In the second part, based on 15242 specimens analysed Braconidae and Aphidiidae resources in different region, entironment, altitude, climate types. In the third part, the 9 subfamiles 46 genera of Braconidae and 8 genera of Aphidiidae from the 5 provinces are identified and a diagnosis for each is given.A list of the genera recognized in this paper is as follow.1) In different region of five provinces the distribution of Braconidae is that northern region >central China >Mongolian New >Qinghai-Tibet area; In different entironment the distribution of Braconidae is that mountain > forest > farmland > plant garden > lawn front hill = desertification; In different altitude the distribution of Braconidae is that 1000m-2000m >500m-1000m >2000m-3000m >lower than 500m > higher than3000m; In different climate types the distribution of Braconidae is that Temperate semi-humid monsoon climate > temperate continental arid climate> Highland cold climate > humid subtropical monsoon climate.The analysis of bio-diversity index shows that the species diversity and evenness is the highest in Qinghai province, but the dominance is the lowest. In Xinjiang province the richness and species diversity is the lowest, but the dominance is the highest. the richness and species diversity in Shanxi and Gansu provinces is the same, the bio-diversity index in five provinces has the less difference.2) Braconidae: Alysia Latreille, Aphaereta Foerster, Asobara Foerster, Aspilota Foerster, Dinotrema Foerster, phaenocarpa Foerster, Tanycarpa Foerster;Amyosoma Viereck, Bracon Fabricius, Habrobracon Ashmead ; Ascogaster Wesmael, Chelonus Jurine, Microchelonus Szepligeti, Phanerotoma Wesmael, Phanerotomella Szepligeti;Doryctes, Heterospilus Haliday, Hypodoryctes Kokoujev, Rhaconotus Ruthe, Spathius Nees;Aridelus Marshall, Cosmophorus Ratzeburg, Euphorus Nees, Meteorus Haliday, Microctonus Wesmael, Myiocephalus Marshall, Pygostolus Haliday, Streblocera Westwood, Townesilitus Haeselbarth et Loan, Zele Curtis;Apanteles Foerster s.str., Cotesia Cameron, Diolcogaster Ashmead, Dolichogenidea Viereck, Glyptapanteles Ashmead, Microgaster Latreille, Microplitis Foerster;Sinoneoneurus He, Chen et van Achterberg;Biosteres Foerster, Eurytenes Foerster, Opius Wesmael, Utetes Foerster, Fopius Wharton;Aleiodes Wesmael, Clinocentrus Haliday, Rogas Nees.Aphidiidae:Aphidius Nees, Diaeretiella Stary, Ephedrus Haliday, Fissicaudus Stary & Schlinger, Fovephedrus Chen, Lipolexis Foerster, Lysiphlebia Stary & Schlinger, Praon Haliday.