The Studies On Classification And Identification Of Bacillus And Systematic Evolution In The Genera Related With Bacillus

Based on the 15 soil samples collected from 15 provinces of China, 322 Bacillus strains were isolated by spread plate method. The 322 Bacillus strains were identified through morphological characteristics, physical and biological characteristics, fatty acid and ITS sequence. There were 11 species of Bacillus, 2 species of Panebacillus and 2 species of Brevibacillus had been recognized.The biological characteristcis of Bacillus were studied in the paper. The cell morphologies of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus simplex and Bacillus polymyxa, the colonial morphologies of Bacillus spp., and growth characteristic of Bacillus subtilis were studied. According to the preliminary result, the diversity of Bacillus collected from 15 provinces of China , showed that the quantity, varieties and as well as dominant species of Bacillus were different from each province.The species richness of Bacillus of 15 soil samples collected from 15 provinces of China was analyzed. The results showed that the species richness of Bacillus from Qinghai, with 2 species was the lowest and the species richness of Bacillus from Xinjiang, Iner Mongolia and Ningxia, with 8 species were the highest. The diversity index and evenness index of Bacillus from Xinjiang were higher than those from Tibet, while the ecological dominant index of Bacillus from Xinjiang were lower than that from Tibet. It indicated that the species diversity was not only related to speceis richness, but also to individual quantity difference.The antagonistic action of Bacillus to Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum was preliminarily studied. The result showed that 22 strains had the antagonistic action to Fusarium oxysporum and 15 strains had the antagonistic action Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia solanacearum, which were mostly isolated from the soil samples collected from the northern provinces of China.Finally, the systematic state of Bacillus, the taxonomic evidence of the related genera of Bacillus and the diagnosis of their type species were reviewed. Up to December 2008, there were 41 valid genera related with Bacillus and 112 species in the genus Bacillus,which were published in IJSEM. According to papers published in IJSEM, the characteristics, the sequence of 16S rRNA and the strain numbers of the 112 species in the genus Bacillus were redescribed and recorded.