The Applied Research Of GIS Technology In Flood Hazard Mitigation In The Lower Reaches Of The Yellow River

With the development of information technology and the implementation of the "Digital Yellow River" project, the works of the Yellow River management increasingly rely on the application of information technology. The traditional flood disaster control and management of water resources is a complicated dealing mainly through long-term physical monitoring and artificial evaluation. It does not only require a lot of manpower and material resources, but also can not provide accurate and efficient evaluation on which emergency decision-making largely depended. According to the feature information of remote sensing data which captured by the high-precision space satellite, we will not only can save a lot of treasury consumption, but importantly, can make more accurate and timely evaluation which is clearly superior to the traditional approach. Therefore, this paper is to study on the application of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) in the Yellow River management.GIS is a kind of high and new technology which can syncretize all kinds of information, geographical position and visualization expression, and integrate geography, geometry, computer science including all kinds of application objects, CAD technology, remote sensing, GPS technology, Internet, and the multimedia technology into a body. It is a system that used computer graphics and database technology to collect, store, edit, display, convert, analyze and output geographic graphics and correlation attribute data.The application of GIS in the Yellow River Flood Control began in 1998. A GIS-based "Shandong flood control system" was developed by the information center of Yellow River Conservancy Commission. In order to meet the growing needs, the Yellow River Water Conservancy Committee built "Working and Dangerous Condition Discussion System for the lower Yellow River" based on the WebGIS in 2002. In the course of using this system, it has been playing a great role in enhancing the efficiency of flood prevention work.Through the study of this system, we found it can be more fully applied in the flood loss assessment of Yellow River. According to the specific geographical characteristics of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the dissertation try to study GIS technology applied in the flood disaster prevention of the Yellow River.Based on the concepts, features and structures of the Geographic Information System (GIS), Firstly, the thesis explored the development and tendency of GIS technology, and researched the practical applications in the water system on the characteristics of GIS. Secondly, the paper focused on studying the "Working and Dangerous Condition Discussion System for the lower Yellow River" based on GIS with the reality of hydrological and geographical situation of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and found it still has great potential to develop in the disaster assessment. At last, according to the actual geographical features of the Yellow River, combining the DEM model, the two-dimensional calculation model of water flow and the calculation models for flood damage, it accessed the methods to estimate losses caused by floods. Using ARC / INFO software to deal with GIS-based data, the paper has not only designed the model of flood damage assessment, but also drawn a flow chart of the system and the overall structure of the system.